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Perineal radical prostatectomy (PRP) is one of the oldest surgical procedures for prostate cancer, but its use has declined over the past 30 years. New studies show that PRP is not only minimally invasive but beneficial from an economic perspective and should not yet be abandoned in the treatment of early prostate cancer.
Although new treatments can prolong progression-free and overall survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the cure rate remains low and surgical resection of the primary tumor and metastases are still the most important treatment options to eliminate RCC or achieve long-term progression-free survival.
Cancer survivors often report difficulties with memory and concentration—sometimes referred to by patients as “chemobrain” or “chemofog”. The results from two recent studies suggest that, while chemotherapy itself may not be associated with cognitive impairment, some patients might already be experiencing cognitive difficulties before treatment is even started.
Assessment of voiding function after female sling surgery varies and patients are often discharged with a catheter, which can cause discomfort and complications, including infection. Management protocols using force of stream measurements could reduce catheter use and enable rapid discharge of women from hospital after sling surgery.
Patients with bladder acontractility often rely on clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) for bladder emptying. A recent study has reported that successful latissimus dorsi detrusor myoplasty (LDDM) allows volitional voiding and removes the need for long-term CIC.
Complete testicular descent is a prerequisite for normal testicular function in adult life, and relies upon the growth and reorganization of the gubernaculum, which is regulated by the Leydig cell hormones insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) and testosterone. In this Review, the authors discuss the role of these hormones in testicular descent, and consider the effect ofin uterofactors, including environmental or maternal lifestyle choices, in the etiology of cryptorchidism.
The surgical management of primary severe hypospadias remains controversial. In this Review, Castagnetti and El-Ghoneimi discuss the various preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative factors that might influence the outcome of surgery, and assess the possible advantages and drawbacks of such interventions.
Acute prostatitis is a common genitourinary disorder, which can have potentially serious sequelae in patients with immunosuppression. In this Review, the authors discuss the etiology of acute prostatitis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, and the options for treating the infection and the potential complications of this disorder.
Testicular cancer is one of the most curable neoplasms and mainly affects young men, meaning that complications arising from its treatment can have long-term effects. In this Review, the authors discuss the various types of adverse effects associated with chemotherapy treatment of testicular cancer, considering the etiologies of these conditions, and possible strategies for their prevention and management.
Priapism is a urological emergency and must be treated as a matter of urgency (especially ischemic priapism) to prevent erectile dysfunction. Patients with hematological or coagulative disorders, in particular, are at high risk of ischemic priapism. Morrison and Burnett provide a timely update on the management of priapism in these high-risk patients as well as discussing advances in the understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of the condition.
