News & Comment

V1 inhibitory interneurons of the spinal cord can be divided into 50 subtypes based on the expression of transcription factors; these subtypes have distinct physiological characteristics and spatial locations and differentially interact with the motor circuits innervating muscles in different limbs.

A distinct set of neurons in the hippocampal CA2 region encodes current spatial position in the absence of movement.

Low-frequency oscillations in the hippocampus of individuals navigating a virtual environment are not associated with sensorimotor processing but instead carry task-related and spatial — including distance-related — information.

A new study identifies two peptidergic pathways that regulate sighing in rodents.

A large collaborative study provides a comprehensive analysis of the core molecular networks that are modulated during peripheral axon regrowth after injury.

Dopaminergic neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus have a role in mediating the rebound sociability observed in mice following acute isolation from littermates, and this could represent a behavioural state that is similar to loneliness in humans.

Projections from the paraventricular thalamus to the nucleus accumbens mediate the somatic response and aversion to opiate withdrawal in mice.

Structural variations in the gene encoding complement component 4 — a protein linked to synaptic refinement — are associated with an increased schizophrenia risk.

In mice, the nutritional and hedonic values of sugar ingestion are mediated by the dorsal and ventral striatum, respectively.

The astrocyte-released protein hevin (also known as SPARC-like protein 1) promotes thalamocortical synaptogenesis by acting as a 'bridge' between neurexin and neuroligin isoforms that do not interact directly.

Hippocampus-dependent contextual memory and striatum-dependent reinforcement memory independently guide visual attention in humans.

Synaptotagmin 7 is shown to be the calcium sensor that regulates synaptic facilitation by altering the probability of synaptic vesicle release.

Long-range GABAergic projections from the entorhinal cortex to CA1 of the hippocampus suppress feedforward inhibition to allow Schaffer collateral inputs to potentiate CA1 pyramidal neuron responses.

In mice, an early ablation of myelinating oligodendrocytes can trigger a secondary, CD4⁺T cell-associated demyelination 30 weeks later, suggesting a possible mechanism for the onset of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

A new study shows that the transient manipulation of neural activity can sometimes have 'off-target' effects, making it challenging to determine the specific neural circuit that generates a particular behaviour.