TABLE 1 | Homologies of flagellar proteins
From the following article:
From The Origin of Species to the origin of bacterial flagella
Mark J. Pallen and Nicholas J. Matzke
Nature Reviews Microbiology 4, 784-790 (October 2006)
doi:10.1038/nrmicro1493
| Protein | Location | Function | Indispensable? | Homologies* | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
*Homologies (as evidenced by expected values <1e05) can be confirmed by retrieving the relevant flagellar protein sequences for Escherichia coli K-12 or Salmonella enterica Typhimurium LT2 and carrying out the following: | |||||
‡performing multiple PSI-BLAST iterations at the NCBI site under default conditions; | |||||
§performing multiple iterations of PSI–BLAST at the NCBI site under default conditions, except for adjusting the threshold for inclusion to 0.05 and restricting the taxonomic scope to Enterobacteriaceae, starting with the protein sequences for FlgB, FlgL; | |||||
| |||||
¶These similarities fail to achieve unequivocal significance using BLAST/PSI–BLAST under any of the above conditions, but are supported by other structural or functional considerations. T3SS, type III secretion system. | |||||
| FlgA | P ring | Chaperone? | Absent from Gram-positive bacteria | CpaB‡ | 25, 29 |
| FlgBCFG | Rod | Transmission shaft | Yes | FlgBCEFGK§ | 25 |
| FlgD | Hook | Hook cap | Yes | 25 | |
| FlgE | Hook | Universal joint | Yes | FlgBCEFGK | 25 |
| FlgH | L ring | Bushing | Absent from Gram-positive bacteria | None yet known | 25 |
| FlgI | P ring | Bushing | Absent from Gram-positive bacteria | None yet known | 25 |
| FlgJ | Rod | Rod cap; muramidase | FlgJ N-terminal domain absent from some systems | None yet known | 25 |
| FlgK | Hook–filament junction | Hook-associated protein 1 | Yes | FlgBCEFGK§ | 25 |
| FlgL | Hook–filament junction | Hook-associated protein 3 | Yes | FliC§ | 25 |
| FlgM | Cytoplasm and exterior | Anti- factor | Absent from Caulobacter | None yet known | 25 |
| FlgN | Cytoplasm | Chaperone | Undetectable in some systems | None yet known | 25 |
| FlhA | T3SS apparatus | Protein export | Yes | LcrD/YscV | 25 |
| FlhB | T3SS apparatus | Protein export | Yes | YscU | 25 |
| FlhDC | Cytoplasm | Transcriptional regulator | Absent from many systems | Other activators‡ | 25 |
| FlhE | Unknown | Unknown | Mutant retains full motility | 25 | |
| FliA | Cytoplasm | factor | Absent from Caulobacter | RpoD, RpoH, RpoS | 25 |
| FliB | Cytoplasm | N-methylase | Absent from Escherichia coli | 25 | |
| FliC | Filament | Flagellin | Yes | FlgL§, EspA¶ | 25, 78 |
| FliD | Filament | Filament cap; hook-associated protein 2 | Absent from Caulobacter | None yet known | 25 |
| FliE | Rod/basal body | MS ring–rod junction | Yes | None yet known | 25 |
| FliF | T3SS apparatus | Protein export | Yes | YscJ§ | 25 |
| FliG | Peripheral | Motor | Yes | MgtE¶ | 25 |
| FliH | T3SS apparatus | Regulates FliI | Mutant retains some motility | YscL*, AtpFH¶ | 38, 79 |
| FliI | T3SS apparatus | ATPase for protein export | Yes | YscN, AtpD, Rho | 38 |
| FliJ | Cytoplasm | Chaperone | Undetectable in some systems | YscO¶ | 25 |
| FliK | Hook/basal body | Controls hook length | Yes | YscP¶ | 25 |
| FliL | Basal body | Unknown | Mutant retains full motility | None yet known | 80 |
| FliM | T3SS apparatus | Protein export | Yes | FliN‡, YscQ‡ | 25 |
| FliN | T3SS apparatus | Protein export | Yes | FliM‡, YscQ‡ | 25 |
| FliO | T3SS apparatus | Protein export | Undetectable in some systems | None | 25 |
| FliP | T3SS apparatus | Protein export | Yes | YscR | 25 |
| FliQ | T3SS apparatus | Protein export | Yes | YscS | 25 |
| FliR | T3SS apparatus | Protein export | Yes | YscT | 25 |
| FliS | Cytoplasm | FliC chaperone | Absent from Caulobacter | None yet known | 25 |
| FliT | Cytoplasm | FliD chaperone | Absent from many systems | None yet known | 25 |
| FliZ | Cytoplasm | Regulator | Absent from many systems | None yet known | 25 |
| MotA | Inner membrane | Motor | Yes | ExbB‡, TolQ‡ | 25 |
| MotB | Inner membrane | Motor | Yes | ExbD‡, TolR‡, OmpA‡ | 25 |
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