Foreword
Nature Reviews Immunology 7, 423 (June 2007) | doi:10.1038/nri2101
Focus on: Cytokines & cytokine therapies
Cytokines and interventional immunology
David A. Hafler1
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Abstract
Alterations in cytokine expression associated with inflammation have long been observed in individuals with immune-mediated disease. Clinical trials carried out almost a decade ago were the first to show that therapeutic manipulation of cytokines with monoclonal antibodies targeting tumour-necrosis factor could change the course of an autoimmune disease. With this finding, the modern era of interventional immunology emerged.
Author affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. Email: hafler@broad.mit.edu