FIGURE 2 | Comparison between human mast cells and related bone-marrow-derived cells.

Mast cells have similarities and differences both with eosinophil and basophil granulocytes, and with monocytes and macrophages. Mast cells share expression of the high-affinity Fc receptor for IgE (FcRI) and histamine release with basophils. Mast cells share responsiveness to interleukin-4 (IL-4) and bacterial products, as well as nuclear morphology, with monocytes. However, mast cells generally do not express CD14 like monocytes, or IL-3 receptor (IL-3R) or IL-5R like basophils or eosinophils. Mast cells express almost exclusively the stem-cell factor (SCF) receptor KIT. Triggering agents and regulatory cytokines of the four cell types are shown above; mediators released from the cells after stimulation are shown below. GM-CSF, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor; TLR, Toll-like receptor; TNF, tumour-necrosis factor.

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