Volume 15 Issue 8, August 2015

An interferon-γ-mediated immune response is dominant in severe asthma.

NLRP3 functions independently of the inflammasome as a transcriptional regulator of T helper 2 cell differentiation.

Interleukin-26 mediates direct antimicrobial and immunostimulatory activities of T helper 17 cells.

CD8⁺T cell exhaustion is associated with a good outcome in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

The intestinal microbiota restrains type 2 immune responses by inducing the development of RORγt-expressing T cells.

Male and female mice process mechanical pain using distinct neuroimmune mechanisms.

Allan Mowat describes a 2005 study that identified the ability of CD103⁺dendritic cells to imprint T cells with gut-homing specificity.

This Review details our current understanding of the biology of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). The authors describe the mechanisms controlling the development and functions of pDCs and discuss their roles in infection, inflammatory disease and cancer.

Exhausted T cells display a phenotype characterized by progressive loss of function, and they can develop following exposure to persistent antigen and/or inflammatory signals during chronic viral infections or cancer. The authors describe the molecular mechanisms of T cell exhaustion and how the exhausted phenotype is different from other dysfunctional states of T cells.

Mammalian hosts have evolved a range of mechanisms that limit the ability of microorganisms to obtain iron and therefore to survive. Here, the authors describe the role of iron in infection and how iron homeostasis is altered as a consequence of nutritional immunity.

Eicosanoids are bioactive signalling lipids that regulate numerous homeostatic and inflammatory processes. Here, the authors review our current understanding of cellular eicosanoid metabolism and the physiological functions of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving eicosanoids in infection and inflammation.