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Severe obesity in adolescents affects their health and quality of life. Currently, metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is the only effective intervention, but only a limited number of individuals undergo MBS procedures. Therefore, vigorous research in MBS is a priority for the benefit of adolescents with obesity.
There are limited available treatment options for the management of abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This Review provides an overview of the gastrointestinal endocannabinoid system and its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of pain in IBS.
Pruritus in cholestatic liver diseases is a frequent symptom that impairs quality of life. This Review describes the mechanisms underlying cholestasis-associated itch, discusses potential pruritogens, and highlights therapeutic approaches to manage pruritus in various conditions, including primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.
Global alcohol consumption has increased in the past two decades and is projected to increase further. In this Review, Loomba and colleagues discuss the global epidemiology of alcohol-associated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, including risk factors, trends and projections.
Intestinal immune cell trafficking contributes to the pathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). This Review discusses the underlying immune cell trafficking mechanisms along the gut–liver, gut–joint and gut–brain axes and provides an overview of their implications for treatment options in IMIDs.