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Bone metastases cause patient morbidity and mortality. A recent study compared denosumab with zoledronic acid for the treatment of bone metastases in advanced breast cancer. Denosumab seemed to be the front-runner, but is that the whole story?
A systematic review and meta-analysis by Dos Santos Nunes et al. has compared the benefits and risks of cabergoline versus bromocriptine for the treatment of patients with hyperprolactinemia. This analysis confirms previous reports that cabergoline is more efficacious and better tolerated than bromocriptine.
A large-scale, placebo-controlled clinical study shows a remarkable benefit from adding exenatide, a short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist, to insulin glargine, on a background of metformin and/or pioglitazone, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Is this partnership here to stay?
Preliminary results of the randomized, double-blinded TRIGR trial suggest that dietary manipulation can affect progression of autoimmunity in those at risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus. These findings highlight the interplay of genetic and environmental factors that regulate tolerance and might be targeted by preventative interventions.
Despite the many advances in understanding and treating diabetes mellitus and diabetes-related kidney disease, progression of nephropathy, which ultimately leads to end-stage kidney disease, remains unstoppable. In the FIELD study, Davis et al. assert that long-term fenofibrate treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus might resolve this problem.
Statin therapy following myocardial infarction is a pillar of the secondary prevention approach. However, defining a maximally beneficial dosing strategy requires attention to both cardiovascular outcomes and to the potentially unsavory clinical adverse effects of high-dose therapy.
Insulin resistance has a key role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome, a common endocrinopathy that affects young women. Therefore, the use of insulin-sensitizing agents has been studied extensively in this patient population. Given the effectiveness of metformin and thiazolidinediones in previous studies, the question arises: is one class better than the other?
The treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is currently based on initial staging systems that predict mortality. Recurrence, however, is a much larger problem than mortality in DTC. Tuttle et al. have tested the new American Thyroid Association recurrence risk staging system and found that truly accurate staging requires continuous prognostic re-evaluation according to treatment results.
