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Tumour evolution, which results in the existence of multiple distinct populations of cancer cells within the same tumour and the same patient, is increasingly appreciated to have a key role in drug resistance. In this article, we discuss the implications for drug development, including approaches to reduce the likelihood of the emergence of drug resistance.
This article discusses the impact of the recent approvals of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors on the market for ovarian cancer drugs, as well as potential future treatments such as immunotherapies.
Efforts to combat bacterial infections by targeting virulence factors are gaining traction, fuelled by the potential to circumvent the development of antibacterial resistance and recent landmark approvals of antivirulence drugs. Here, Otto and colleagues examine the antivirulence drugs in development, highlighting the most promising targets and strategies, as well as caveats to using this approach.
Changes in glutamate signalling have been implicated in major depression, and ketamine, which was recently found to act as a rapid-acting antidepressant, affects glutamate signalling in several ways. Murrough and colleagues give an overview of the development of glutamate-signalling modulators for depression and examine studies on the mechanisms of these agents.
Dysregulated autophagy is associated with a variety of conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disorders and infectious diseases. However, despite significant efforts, no specific modulators of autophagy have yet been moved into the clinic. Here, Galluzziet al. discuss the therapeutic potential of autophagy modulators and consider the key challenges that have limited their development.
