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An updated carbon isotope discrimination model of diffusion of CO2 inside photosynthetic tissues is derived, treating the carbon pools independently. The modelled values for diffusion allow discussion of CO2 movement inside the mesophyll.
Photosystem I from the cyanobacterium Anabaena has a disrupted trimerization domain resulting in dimers with loose connections between monomers. Phospholipids and cofactors at the dimer surface facilitate further dimerization to form a tetramer.
In plants, photoprotective non-photochemical quenching involves CP29 proteins. Their conformational change induced by acidification of the thylakoid lumen brings three chlorophylls together, activating a channel to dissipate excess energy as heat.
Mosses are considered non-vascular plants in botany. Here, the authors have shown that a common moss species contains vascular-like structures with physiological relevance to the water-conducting tissues of vascular plants.
An extensive phylogenomics study based on hundreds of genomes and transcriptomes provides a new interpretation of the evolution of different types of symbiotic associations in land plants, and reveals a conserved ancestral symbiosis pathway.
The photosystem I light-harvesting complex from the salt-tolerant green alga Dunaliella salina has a core configuration composed of only seven subunits. This unusual molecular organization could inform the reconstruction of photosystem evolution.
The photoprotective mechanism qH requires the plastid lipocalin LCNP and ROQH1, a relaxation factor localized to the stroma lamellae membrane. Analyses under high and low light show that LCNP and ROQH1 perform dosage-dependent, antagonistic functions.
Pollen tubes constantly search for and respond to female cues for guided growth and efficient sperm delivery. In this study, the researchers characterized three MLO genes in Arabidopsis whose mutants showed twisting pollen tubes and deficiency in ovule targeting. As an ancient and vital gene family in plants, MLOs are also involved in pathogen resistance and plant–environment interactions.
Self-incompatibility prevents inbreeding in flowering plants. In the genus Citrus, there are both self-incompatible and self-compatible species. Now, the molecular mechanism and evolutionary perspectives are revealed to explain the heterogeneity of self-recognition in citrus.
The spread of wheat and barley involves evolutionary and human adaptation but has been difficult to date properly. Findings from a cave site suggest a much earlier transfer of cereal grains across Eurasia.
Cyanobacterial photosystem I supercomplexes bind to iron-stress-induced proteins IsiA and flavodoxin under iron-deficiency conditions. They form a network that is highly efficient at light harvesting and retains normal electron transport efficiency.
A map of fitness consequence scores is generated for 246 rice genome region classes inferred from nine functional genomic and epigenomic datasets, which illuminates the evolutionary forces associated with genome diversity and guides crop breeding.
Masting, synchronous year-to-year variation in seed production, increases pollination efficiency and reduces seed loss to predators. Climate warming over recent decades has increased seed production but decreased masting, favouring seed predators over plants.
A draft genome sequence of the hornwort Anthoceros augustus confirms the phylogenetic relationships among the three clades of bryophytes and provides insight into the unique characteristics of hornworts and their adaptations to live on land.
The assembly of eight high-quality rapeseed genomes allows identification of presence and absence variations (PAVs) and small variations. PAV-based genome-wide association analysis uncovered causal variations for agronomic traits and ecotype differentiation.