Letter abstract
Nature Nanotechnology 4, 25 - 29 (2009)
Published online: 9 November 2008 | doi:10.1038/nnano.2008.329
Subject Categories: Nanomaterials | Synthesis and processing
High-throughput solution processing of large-scale graphene
Vincent C. Tung1,3, Matthew J. Allen2,3, Yang Yang1 & Richard B. Kaner1,2
Abstract
The electronic properties of graphene, such as high charge carrier concentrations and mobilities, make it a promising candidate for next-generation nanoelectronic devices1, 2, 3. In particular, electrons and holes can undergo ballistic transport on the sub-micrometre scale in graphene and do not suffer from the scale limitations of current MOSFET technologies2, 3. However, it is still difficult to produce single-layer samples of graphene1, 3 and bulk processing has not yet been achieved, despite strenuous efforts to develop a scalable production method4, 5. Here, we report a versatile solution-based process for the large-scale production of single-layer chemically converted graphene over the entire area of a silicon/SiO2 wafer. By dispersing graphite oxide paper in pure hydrazine we were able to remove oxygen functionalities and restore the planar geometry of the single sheets. The chemically converted graphene sheets that were produced have the largest area reported to date (up to 20 
40 
m), making them far easier to process. Field-effect devices have been fabricated by conventional photolithography, displaying currents that are three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported for chemically produced graphene6. The size of these sheets enables a wide range of characterization techniques, including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, to be performed on the same specimen.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence to: Yang Yang1 e-mail: yangy@ucla.edu
Correspondence to: Richard B. Kaner1,2 e-mail: kaner@chem.ucla.edu
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