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Optical losses and the inability to modulate optical signals at the nanoscale have hindered major developments in the field of plasmonics and have forced the community to come up with creative solutions to solve these problems. In this focus, we look at some of the ways researchers have tackled these problems in recent years. In particular, we examine all-dielectric systems that should provide alternative, lossless ways to manipulate light at the nanoscale, hybrid atomic heterostructures that combine the advantages of plasmons and phonons, and reconfigurable metamaterials actuated by a host of nanoscale forces for signal modulation.
Developing useful methods to control light–matter interactions at the nanoscale requires an appreciation of the needs of industry and innovative approaches that go beyond plasmonics.
Nanostructured metamaterials fabricated on nanomembranes can be reconfigured by thermal, electric, magnetic and optical forces resulting in dynamically controlled optical properties.