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‘Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens’, an anaerobic methanotrophic archaeon, sectors itself into two morphologically and functionally distinct populations that enable adaptation and cross-species interactions in a dynamic bioreactor ecosystem.
Tracking labelled nitrogen atoms from multiple substrates into individual peptides within complex microbial communities shows which cellular functions constitute the bulk of proteomic N demand and the metabolic basis of N limitation.
Altered nasal microbiome and increased abundance of the commensal bacterium Streptococcus salivarius are characteristic of allergic rhinitis and contribute to its development in vitro and in vivo.
Anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) are globally distributed methane consumers for which pure cultures are lacking. Here the authors use multi-omics and FISH on a bioreactor enrichment to reveal metabolically and morphologically distinct life stages in a single ANME lineage.
Characterization of the vaginal microbiome and metabolome reveals that vaginal metabolites, including several exogenous xenobiotics, are predictive of spontaneous preterm birth.
Different populations of Campylobacteraceae co-exist in the cow rumen epithelial microbiome thanks to metabolic trade-offs in utilization of versus inhibition by acetate and propionate, with implications for host carbon uptake.
The quorum-sensing signal autoinducer 2 can induce chemotaxis in Escherichia coli strains, which promotes gut colonization and co-existence of strains in the murine gut.
New World arenaviruses are pathogens capable of zoonotic infections that cause viral haemorrhagic fevers, which are frequently lethal in humans. However, a recombinant live-attenuated pentavalent vaccine shows promising efficacy against infection.
This work shows that Akkermansia muciniphila and its metabolite, harmaline, upregulate the production of bile acid-coenzyme A: amino acid N-acyltransferase (BAAT) in hepatocytes. As a result of enhanced BAAT production, increased synthesis of conjugated primary bile acids suppresses the severe systemic inflammation caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection.
Evolutionary analysis guided by predicted structures of AlphaFold 2 elucidates novel aspects of rapidly evolving pathogen effectors from fungal phytopathogens.
A fluorogenic reporter allows visualization of spike protein and ACE2 receptor interaction and the identification of natural products that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro and in vivo.
The gut commensal Akkermansia muciniphila produces harmaline and protects against infection with the tick-borne emerging virus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, via bile acid signalling.
A pentavalent live attenuated vaccine platform, MOPEVACNEW, was engineered to express glycoproteins from all five known pathogenic New World arenaviruses from a modified Mopeia virus. This approach induces robust antiviral antibody responses and sterile protection to prevent severe haemorrhagic fever and mortality in cynomolgus monkeys.
From metagenomics of Aedes mosquitoes from four continents, the authors analyse the mechanism by which insect-specific viruses affect mosquito vector competence to transmit dengue virus to humans.
The metavirome of 31 tick species sheds light on the diversity and distinct evolution of tick-associated RNA viruses, and lays the foundation for better understanding of tick–virus interaction.
Metabolic variation via a single substitution in the β-carbonic anhydrase CanB determines CO2 dependence and influences fluoroquinolone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.