Treatment of multiple sclerosis with T−cell receptor peptides: Results of a double−blind pilot trial

A T−cell receptor (TCR) peptide vaccine from the V5.2 sequence expressed in multiple sclerosis (MS) plaques and on myelin basic protein (MBP)−specific T cells boosted peptide−reactive T cells in patients with progressive MS. Vaccine responders had a reduced MBP response and remained clinically stable without side effects during one year of therapy, whereas nonresponders had an increased MBP response and progressed clinically. Peptide−specific T helper 2 cells directly inhibited MBP−specific T helper 1 cells in vitro through the release of interleukin−10, implicating a bystander suppression mechanism that holds promise for treatment of MS and other autoimmune diseases.

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