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Gene hunters and others who carry out linkage or association studies now have a powerful new tool in the form of a human genetic map with about five times the resolution of previous maps. Because individual variation in levels of meiotic recombination may limit the precision of genetic distances that can be obtained by genotyping polymorphisms in families, new strategies for building genetic maps of very high resolution will be required.
Two forms of a transcription factor, similar in sequence to an rRNA modifying enzyme, have been identified as the missing components of the transcription initiation machinery for human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Transcription from mtDNA promoters can now be reconstituted in vitro with three recombinant proteins: mitochondrial transcription factors A and B and the core mitochondrial RNA polymerase.
Cadmium, like many heavy metals, is non-essential and toxic to all organisms. A new study shows that yeast exposed to cadmium cleverly reprogram the transcriptome and proteome to protect themselves from its toxic effects.
The Gene Ontology project allows biologists to share knowledge; a new study demonstrates that GO terms can aid in the identification of candidate 'disease' genes.