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Article
Nature Genetics  37, 357 - 364 (2005)
Published online: 27 February 2005; | doi:10.1038/ng1519


There is a Corrigendum (June 2005) associated with this Article.

Sarcoidosis is associated with a truncating splice site mutation in BTNL2

Ruta Valentonyte1, 11, Jochen Hampe1, 2, 11, Klaus Huse3, Philip Rosenstiel1, Mario Albrecht4, Annette Stenzel1, 2, Marion Nagy5, Karoline I Gaede6, 7, Andre Franke2, Robert Haesler1, Andreas Koch2, Thomas Lengauer4, Dirk Seegert8, Norbert Reiling6, Stefan Ehlers6, Eberhard Schwinger9, Matthias Platzer3, Michael Krawczak10, Joachim Müller-Quernheim7, Manfred Schürmann9 & Stefan Schreiber1, 2

1  Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstr. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany.

2  Kiel Center of the German National Genotyping Platform, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstr. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany.

3  Institute for Molecular Biotechnology, Beutenbergstrae 11, 07745 Jena, Germany.

4  Max-Planck-Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.

5  Institute of Forensic Medicine, Charite University Hospital, Hannoversche Strae 6, 10115 Berlin, Germany.

6  Research Center Borstel, Parkallee 1-40, 23845 Borstel, Germany.

7  Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Killian-Str.5, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.

8  Conaris Research Institute AG, Schauenburgerstr. 116, 24118 Kiel, Germany.

9  Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck; Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.

10  Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.

11  These authors contributed equally to this work.

Correspondence should be addressed to Jochen Hampe j.hampe@mucosa.de
Sarcoidosis is a polygenic immune disorder with predominant manifestation in the lung. Genome-wide linkage analysis previously indicated that the extended major histocompatibility locus on chromosome 6p was linked to susceptibility to sarcoidosis. Here, we carried out a systematic three-stage SNP scan of 16.4 Mb on chromosome 6p21 in as many as 947 independent cases of familial and sporadic sarcoidosis and found that a 15-kb segment of the gene butyrophilin-like 2 (BTNL2) was associated with the disease. The primary disease-associated variant (rs2076530; P TDT = 3 times 10-6, P case-control = 1.1 times 10-8; replication P TDT = 0.0018, P case-control = 1.8 times 10-6) represents a risk factor that is independent of variation in HLA-DRB1. BTNL2 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and has been implicated as a costimulatory molecule involved in T-cell activation on the basis of its homology to B7-1. The G right arrow A transition constituting rs2076530 leads to the use of a cryptic splice site located 4 bp upstream of the affected wild-type donor site. Transcripts of the risk-associated allele have a premature stop in the spliced mRNA. The resulting protein lacks the C-terminal IgC domain and transmembrane helix, thereby disrupting the membrane localization of the protein, as shown in experiments using green fluorescent protein and V5 fusion proteins.

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Nature Genetics
ISSN: 1061-4036
EISSN: 1546-1718
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