Nature Genetics
34, 35 - 41 (2003)
Published online: 7 April 2003; | doi:10.1038/ng1140
C. elegans ORFeome version 1.1: experimental verification of the genome annotation and resource for proteome-scale protein expressionJérôme Reboul1, 11, 12, Philippe Vaglio1, 12, Jean-François Rual1, 2, 12, Philippe Lamesch1, 2, 12, Monica Martinez1, Christopher M. Armstrong1, Siming Li1, Laurent Jacotot1, Nicolas Bertin1, Rekin's Janky1, Troy Moore3, 11, James R. Hudson Jr.3, 11, James L. Hartley4, 11, Michael A. Brasch4, 11, Jean Vandenhaute2, Simon Boulton1, 11, Gregory A. Endress5, Sarah Jenna6, Eric Chevet6, Vasilis Papasotiropoulos7, Peter P. Tolias7, Jason Ptacek8, Mike Snyder8, Raymond Huang9, Mark R. Chance9, Hongmei Lee10, Lynn Doucette-Stamm10, 11, David E. Hill1
& Marc Vidal11
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. 2
Unité de Recherche en Biologie Moléculaire, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Namur, 5000, Belgium. 3
Research Genetics /Invitrogen, Huntsville, Alabama, USA. 4
Life Technologies /Invitrogen, Rockville, Maryland, USA. 5
Protedyne Corporation, Windsor, Connecticut 06095, USA. 6
Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. 7
Center for Applied Genomics, Public Health Research Institute, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA. 8
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. 9
Center for Synchrotron Biosciences and Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. 10
Genome Therapeutics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA. 11
Present addresses: INSERM Unité 119, Institut Paoli Calmette, 13009 Marseille, France (J.R.); Open Biosystems, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA (T.M.); Cityscapes, Huntsville, Alabama 35801, USA (J.R.H.); SAIC/National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA (J.L.H.); Atto Bioscience, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA (M.A.B.); Cancer Research UK, Clare Hall, Herts EN6 3LD, UK (S.B.); Agencourt Biosciences Corporation, Beverly, Massachusetts 01915, USA (L.D.). 12
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence should be addressed to Marc Vidal marc_vidal@dfci.harvard.eduTo verify the genome annotation and to create a resource to functionally characterize the proteome, we attempted to Gateway-clone all predicted protein-encoding open reading frames (ORFs), or the 'ORFeome,' of Caenorhabditis elegans. We successfully cloned approximately 12,000 ORFs (ORFeome 1.1), of which roughly 4,000 correspond to genes that are untouched by any cDNA or expressed-sequence tag (EST). More than 50% of predicted genes needed corrections in their intron-exon structures. Notably, approximately 11,000 C. elegans proteins can now be expressed under many conditions and characterized using various high-throughput strategies, including large-scale interactome mapping. We suggest that similar ORFeome projects will be valuable for other organisms, including humans.
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