Mining chemistry for psychiatry - p809

doi:10.1038/nn0709-809

A new initiative aims to jump-start drug development for psychiatric diseases by inviting neuroscientists with unconventional ideas to avail themselves of an established high-throughput chemical screening platform.

Full Text - Mining chemistry for psychiatry | PDF (175 KB) - Mining chemistry for psychiatry

Working on a Dream - p811

Manfred Hallschmid & Jan Born review The Castle of Dreams by Michel Jouvet, translated by Laurence Garey

doi:10.1038/nn0709-811

Full Text - Working on a Dream | PDF (121 KB) - Working on a Dream

A noseful of objects - pp813 - 814

Christian Margot

doi:10.1038/nn0709-813

How are volatile molecules entering the nose converted to odor percepts in the brain? A fMRI study finds that distributed patterns of activity in the human posterior piriform cortex code the perceived category of odorants. This categorization of odors into objects is independent of their chemical structure.

Full Text - A noseful of objects | PDF (209 KB) - A noseful of objects

See also: Article by Howard et al.

Genetics meets epigenetics: HDACs and Wnt signaling in myelin development and regeneration - pp815 - 817

Huiliang Li & William D Richardson

doi:10.1038/nn0709-815

A study shows that the histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2 stimulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by antagonizing the inhibitory action of Wnt signaling, linking genetic and epigenetic control of oligodendrocyte development.

Full Text - Genetics meets epigenetics: HDACs and Wnt signaling in myelin development and regeneration | PDF (362 KB) - Genetics meets epigenetics: HDACs and Wnt signaling in myelin development and regeneration

See also: Article by Ye et al.

Stop and go GABA - pp817 - 818

Brady J Maher & Joseph J LoTurco

doi:10.1038/nn0709-817

A recent study shows that GABA switches from stimulating to inhibiting interneuron motility during neocortical development. This change in response is gated by the expression of the chloride transporter KCC2.

Full Text - Stop and go GABA | PDF (215 KB) - Stop and go GABA

Reactive oxygen species are NOXious for neurons - pp819 - 820

Nicolas Demaurex & Luca Scorrano

doi:10.1038/nn0709-819

Mitochondria are considered to be the main source of reactive oxygen species during glutamate excitotoxicity. Data now support a prominent role in this process for NADPH oxidase, the enzyme that neutrophils use to kill bacteria.

Full Text - Reactive oxygen species are NOXious for neurons | PDF (235 KB) - Reactive oxygen species are NOXious for neurons

See also: Article by Brennan et al.

Prefrontal cortex and cognitive control: motivating functional hierarchies - pp821 - 822

Tobias Egner

doi:10.1038/nn0709-821

How different frontal brain regions contribute to goal-directed behavior is not fully understood. A study now suggests a parallel functional architecture in medial and lateral prefrontal cortex for motivating and selecting behavior.

Full Text - Prefrontal cortex and cognitive control: motivating functional hierarchies | PDF (206 KB) - Prefrontal cortex and cognitive control: motivating functional hierarchies

See also: Article by Kouneiher et al.

CaMKII controls the direction of plasticity at parallel fiber–Purkinje cell synapses - pp823 - 825

Geeske M van Woerden, Freek E Hoebeek, Zhenyu Gao, Raghavendra Y Nagaraja, Casper C Hoogenraad, Steven A Kushner, Christian Hansel, Chris I De Zeeuw & Ype Elgersma

doi:10.1038/nn.2329

Abstract - [beta]CaMKII controls the direction of plasticity at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses | Full Text - CaMKII controls the direction of plasticity at parallel fiber–Purkinje cell synapses | PDF (361 KB) - CaMKII controls the direction of plasticity at parallel fiber–Purkinje cell synapses | Supplementary information

Mutant LRRK2^R1441G BAC transgenic mice recapitulate cardinal features of Parkinson's disease - pp826 - 828

Yanping Li, Wencheng Liu, Tinmarla F Oo, Lei Wang, Yi Tang, Vernice Jackson-Lewis, Chun Zhou, Kindiya Geghman, Mikhail Bogdanov, Serge Przedborski, M Flint Beal, Robert E Burke & Chenjian Li

doi:10.1038/nn.2349

Abstract - Mutant : LRRK2: R1441G: BAC transgenic mice recapitulate cardinal features of Parkinson's disease | Full Text - Mutant LRRK2R1441G BAC transgenic mice recapitulate cardinal features of Parkinson's disease | PDF (478 KB) - Mutant LRRK2R1441G BAC transgenic mice recapitulate cardinal features of Parkinson's disease | Supplementary information

HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by disrupting the -catenin–TCF interaction - pp829 - 838

Feng Ye, Ying Chen, ThaoNguyen Hoang, Rusty L Montgomery, Xian-hui Zhao, Hong Bu, Tom Hu, Makoto M Taketo, Johan H van Es, Hans Clevers, Jenny Hsieh, Rhonda Bassel-Duby, Eric N Olson & Q Richard Lu

doi:10.1038/nn.2333

Abstract - HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by disrupting the [beta]-catenin-TCF interaction | Full Text - HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by disrupting the -catenin–TCF interaction | PDF (1,276 KB) - HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by disrupting the -catenin–TCF interaction | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Li & Richardson

Notch controls embryonic Schwann cell differentiation, postnatal myelination and adult plasticity - pp839 - 847

Ashwin Woodhoo, Maria B Duran Alonso, Anna Droggiti, Mark Turmaine, Maurizio D'Antonio, David B Parkinson, Daniel K Wilton, Raya Al-Shawi, Paul Simons, Jie Shen, Francois Guillemot, Freddy Radtke, Dies Meijer, M Laura Feltri, Lawrence Wrabetz, Rhona Mirsky & Kristján R Jessen

doi:10.1038/nn.2323

Abstract - Notch controls embryonic Schwann cell differentiation, postnatal myelination and adult plasticity | Full Text - Notch controls embryonic Schwann cell differentiation, postnatal myelination and adult plasticity | PDF (1,091 KB) - Notch controls embryonic Schwann cell differentiation, postnatal myelination and adult plasticity | Supplementary information

Regulation of acetylcholine receptor clustering by ADF/cofilin-directed vesicular trafficking - pp848 - 856

Chi Wai Lee, Jianzhong Han, James R Bamburg, Liang Han, Rachel Lynn & James Q Zheng

doi:10.1038/nn.2322

Abstract - Regulation of acetylcholine receptor clustering by ADF/cofilin-directed vesicular trafficking | Full Text - Regulation of acetylcholine receptor clustering by ADF/cofilin-directed vesicular trafficking | PDF (905 KB) - Regulation of acetylcholine receptor clustering by ADF/cofilin-directed vesicular trafficking | Supplementary information

NADPH oxidase is the primary source of superoxide induced by NMDA receptor activation - pp857 - 863

Angela M Brennan, Sang Won Suh, Seok Joon Won, Purnima Narasimhan, Tiina M Kauppinen, Hokyou Lee, Ylva Edling, Pak H Chan & Raymond A Swanson

doi:10.1038/nn.2334

Abstract - NADPH oxidase is the primary source of superoxide induced by NMDA receptor activation | Full Text - NADPH oxidase is the primary source of superoxide induced by NMDA receptor activation | PDF (765 KB) - NADPH oxidase is the primary source of superoxide induced by NMDA receptor activation | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Demaurex & Scorrano

Pathogenic huntingtin inhibits fast axonal transport by activating JNK3 and phosphorylating kinesin - pp864 - 871

Gerardo A Morfini, Yi-Mei You, Sarah L Pollema, Agnieszka Kaminska, Katherine Liu, Katsuji Yoshioka, Benny Björkblom, Eleanor T Coffey, Carolina Bagnato, David Han, Chun-Fang Huang, Gary Banker, Gustavo Pigino & Scott T Brady

doi:10.1038/nn.2346

Abstract - Pathogenic huntingtin inhibits fast axonal transport by activating JNK3 and phosphorylating kinesin | Full Text - Pathogenic huntingtin inhibits fast axonal transport by activating JNK3 and phosphorylating kinesin | PDF (702 KB) - Pathogenic huntingtin inhibits fast axonal transport by activating JNK3 and phosphorylating kinesin | Supplementary information

Adenosine A_2A receptor mediates microglial process retraction - pp872 - 878

Anna G Orr, Adam L Orr, Xiao-Jiang Li, Robert E Gross & Stephen F Traynelis

doi:10.1038/nn.2341

Abstract - Adenosine A: 2A: receptor mediates microglial process retraction | Full Text - Adenosine A2A receptor mediates microglial process retraction | PDF (822 KB) - Adenosine A2A receptor mediates microglial process retraction | Supplementary information

Regulation of AMPA receptor extrasynaptic insertion by 4.1N, phosphorylation and palmitoylation - pp879 - 887

Da-Ting Lin, Yuichi Makino, Kamal Sharma, Takashi Hayashi, Rachael Neve, Kogo Takamiya & Richard L Huganir

doi:10.1038/nn.2351

Abstract - Regulation of AMPA receptor extrasynaptic insertion by 4.1N, phosphorylation and palmitoylation | Full Text - Regulation of AMPA receptor extrasynaptic insertion by 4.1N, phosphorylation and palmitoylation | PDF (765 KB) - Regulation of AMPA receptor extrasynaptic insertion by 4.1N, phosphorylation and palmitoylation | Supplementary information

Roles of stargazin and phosphorylation in the control of AMPA receptor subcellular distribution - pp888 - 896

Helmut W Kessels, Charles D Kopec, Matthew E Klein & Roberto Malinow

doi:10.1038/nn.2340

Abstract - Roles of stargazin and phosphorylation in the control of AMPA receptor subcellular distribution | Full Text - Roles of stargazin and phosphorylation in the control of AMPA receptor subcellular distribution | PDF (516 KB) - Roles of stargazin and phosphorylation in the control of AMPA receptor subcellular distribution | Supplementary information

Brain extracellular matrix affects AMPA receptor lateral mobility and short-term synaptic plasticity - pp897 - 904

Renato Frischknecht, Martin Heine, David Perrais, Constanze I Seidenbecher, Daniel Choquet & Eckart D Gundelfinger

doi:10.1038/nn.2338

Abstract - Brain extracellular matrix affects AMPA receptor lateral mobility and short-term synaptic plasticity | Full Text - Brain extracellular matrix affects AMPA receptor lateral mobility and short-term synaptic plasticity | PDF (689 KB) - Brain extracellular matrix affects AMPA receptor lateral mobility and short-term synaptic plasticity | Supplementary information

Cellular and systems mechanisms of memory strength as a constraint on auditory fear reconsolidation - pp905 - 912

Szu-Han Wang, Lucas de Oliveira Alvares & Karim Nader

doi:10.1038/nn.2350

Abstract - Cellular and systems mechanisms of memory strength as a constraint on auditory fear reconsolidation | Full Text - Cellular and systems mechanisms of memory strength as a constraint on auditory fear reconsolidation | PDF (298 KB) - Cellular and systems mechanisms of memory strength as a constraint on auditory fear reconsolidation | Supplementary information

Awake replay of remote experiences in the hippocampus - pp913 - 918

Mattias P Karlsson & Loren M Frank

doi:10.1038/nn.2344

Abstract - Awake replay of remote experiences in the hippocampus | Full Text - Awake replay of remote experiences in the hippocampus | PDF (1,821 KB) - Awake replay of remote experiences in the hippocampus | Supplementary information

Replay of rule-learning related neural patterns in the prefrontal cortex during sleep - pp919 - 926

Adrien Peyrache, Mehdi Khamassi, Karim Benchenane, Sidney I Wiener & Francesco P Battaglia

doi:10.1038/nn.2337

Abstract - Replay of rule-learning related neural patterns in the prefrontal cortex during sleep | Full Text - Replay of rule-learning related neural patterns in the prefrontal cortex during sleep | PDF (692 KB) - Replay of rule-learning related neural patterns in the prefrontal cortex during sleep | Supplementary information

Adult birdsong is actively maintained by error correction - pp927 - 931

Samuel J Sober & Michael S Brainard

doi:10.1038/nn.2336

Abstract - Adult birdsong is actively maintained by error correction | Full Text - Adult birdsong is actively maintained by error correction | PDF (348 KB) - Adult birdsong is actively maintained by error correction | Supplementary information

Odor quality coding and categorization in human posterior piriform cortex - pp932 - 938

James D Howard, Jane Plailly, Marcus Grueschow, John-Dylan Haynes & Jay A Gottfried

doi:10.1038/nn.2324

Abstract - Odor quality coding and categorization in human posterior piriform cortex | Full Text - Odor quality coding and categorization in human posterior piriform cortex | PDF (639 KB) - Odor quality coding and categorization in human posterior piriform cortex | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Margot

Motivation and cognitive control in the human prefrontal cortex - pp939 - 945

Frédérique Kouneiher, Sylvain Charron & Etienne Koechlin

doi:10.1038/nn.2321

Abstract - Motivation and cognitive control in the human prefrontal cortex | Full Text - Motivation and cognitive control in the human prefrontal cortex | PDF (482 KB) - Motivation and cognitive control in the human prefrontal cortex | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Egner

Twin-spot MARCM to reveal the developmental origin and identity of neurons - pp947 - 953

Hung-Hsiang Yu, Chun-Hong Chen, Lei Shi, Yaling Huang & Tzumin Lee

doi:10.1038/nn.2345

First Paragraph - Twin-spot MARCM to reveal the developmental origin and identity of neurons | Full Text - Twin-spot MARCM to reveal the developmental origin and identity of neurons | PDF (940 KB) - Twin-spot MARCM to reveal the developmental origin and identity of neurons | Supplementary information