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Han and Helmchen demonstrate that the dynamic interactions between a higher association area and a primary sensory area in the neocortex can shape sensory representation and govern behavioral choices.
Panic disorder is characterized by uncontrollable fear accompanied with unique somatic symptoms. Kang, Kim et al. identify a pontomesencephalic PACAP pathway that plays a crucial role in panic-like behavioral and physiological alterations in mice.
Using in vivo two-photon imaging and electron microscopy, Haruwaka, Ying et al. show that microglia transiently boost post-anesthesia neuronal activity in somatosensory cortex by physically shielding inhibitory inputs during emergence from anesthesia.
Bromberg-Martin, Feng and colleagues uncover conserved value computations underlying human and monkey information-seeking behavior and show that the lateral habenula sends value signals integrating information with reward and guides online decisions.
Using two-photon (2P) optogenetics and computational modeling, the authors find that neither space-based nor feature-based rules are sufficient to describe cell–cell interactions within the primary visual cortex (V1). Instead, models must include interactions between these cardinal axes.
This paper introduces ‘prospective configuration’, a new principle for learning in neural networks, which differs from backpropagation and is more efficient in learning and more consistent with data on neural activity and behavior.
This study identifies a positive-feedback loop between the ACC and the VTA that mediates the mutual exacerbation between hyperalgesia and comorbid anxiodepressive-like behaviors and, thereby, the chronicity of neuropathic pain.
In the CNS, glutamatergic neurons directly control functional hyperemia via synaptic-like transmission onto arteriolar smooth muscle cells. Inhibiting this process reduces brain atrophy following cerebral ischemia.
The authors show that functionally paired visual and memory brain areas share a common neural code, which structures their communication. This code is visual in nature and uses a push–pull dynamic to translate information between vision and memory.