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Before ovulation, a surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers the resumption of meiosis in oocytes, which is mediated by EGF-like growth factors. Here, the authors show that HDAC3 inhibits mouse oocyte maturation by negatively regulating the expression of EGF-like factor before the LH surge.
Melanoma persister cells are tolerant to anti-BRAF and anti-MEK inhibition and can trigger cancer relapse. Here the authors show that a subset of N6-methyladenosine modified mRNAs is translationally activated in persister cells. This preferential translation can be abrogated via eIF4A inhibition.
How the replisome machinery contributes to fork stability under replication stress is currently not clear. Here the authors reveal a role for ATAD5 in maintaining genome integrity during replication stress by promoting replication restart through RAD51/PCNA regulation.
In this study, a new analytical technique is employed to
measure Kr and Xe isotopes in groundwater at high precision. These
measurements indicate that gravitational signals of past water-table
depth are preserved in ancient groundwater, representing a novel
proxy for past terrestrial hydroclimate.
The neural mechanisms underlying feature based attention to targets in a cluttered scene are not well understood. Here, the authors show that inactivation of the ventral prearcuate region leads to deficits in picking out a target among many stimuli as well as eliminates the feature based modulation of responses of V4 neurons.
How the airway microbiome influences asthma pathophysiology remains unclear. Here, the authors analyse nasal samples of cohort of school-age children with persistent asthma and find that the microbiota’s patterns and composition at time of early loss of asthma control associate with severe asthma exacerbations.
Anticancer drugs often have widespread effects on the cellular proteome. Here, the authors generate a proteome signature library of drug-treated cancer cell lines and develop a software tool to deconvolute drug targets and gain insights into their mechanisms of action.
Culturing transposon-mutant libraries in pools can mask complex phenotypes. Here the authors present microfluidics mediated droplet Tn-Seq, which encapsulates individual mutants, promotes isolated growth and enables cell-cell interaction analyses.
The relative role of the Deccan Traps volcanic activity versus the role of the Chicxulub impact event in terms of potential contributions to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction has been subject to longstanding debate. Here, the authors observe a global signal of abruptly increased ocean temperatures and elevated [Hg] in the same biogenic carbonate specimens, prior to the impact event but aligning with the onset of Deccan volcanism.
The brain dynamically arbitrates between two model-based and model-free reinforcement learning (RL). Here, the authors show that participants tended to increase model-based control in response to increasing task complexity, but resorted to model-free when both uncertainty and task complexity were high.
PSPC1 has a critical role in promoting EMT and metastasis. Here, the authors demonstrate that PSPC1 is the contextual determinant of the oncogenic switch of PTK6/β-catenin subcellular localizations to drive metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via a PSPC1/PTK6/β-catenin signaling.
The genetics underlying bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) remain unclear. Here, using a genome-wide chemical-genetic approach, the authors map the diversity of resistance determinants across AMPs in Escherichia coli and provide evidence that cross-resistance is prevalent only between AMPs with similar modes of action.
Cancer stem cells contribute to breast cancer metastasis and recurrence. Here the authors show that TRIB3 enhances breast cancer stemness through interaction with AKT to promote FOXO1 stability, which then increases SOX2 activity.
Household income is used as a marker of socioeconomic position, a trait that is associated with better physical and mental health. Here, Hill et al. report a genome-wide association study for household income in the UK and explore its relationship with intelligence in post-GWAS analyses including Mendelian randomization.
Analysis of the cell surface proteome (surfaceome) is essential for cell classification but is technically challenging. Here the authors miniaturize and automate the Cell Surface Capture method to increase sensitivity, reproducibility and throughput, and use it to create population-specific surfaceome maps of developing mouse B cells.
Genedrives bias the inheritance of alleles in diploid organisms. Here, the authors develop a gene-drive analogous system for bacteria, selectively editing and clearing plasmids.
Spatial information is passed from the hippocampus via the subiculum to the ventral striatum. Here, the authors show that inhibiting this projection after spatial learning disrupts learning induced plasticity and spatial memory consolidation.
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS) with undetermined mechanism of action. Here the authors find that clinical response to DMF associates with decrease in IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells (Tc17), delineate molecular pathways involved, and show that DMF suppresses Tc17 pathogenicity in a mouse model of MS.
Dengue and Zika virus are related flaviviruses, and introduction of Zika in the Americas may have impacted dengue epidemiology. Here, Borchering et al. show that dengue incidence was unusually low in 2017 in Brazil and Colombia, and simulations incorporating immune-mediated interactions predict reductions in dengue following Zika outbreaks with subsequent rebounds.
Novel optoelectronic properties have recently been observed in topological semimetals. Here, Wang et al. report a robust photocurrent generated from charge separation of photoexcited electron-hole pairs at the edge of a type-II Weyl semimetal, Td-WTe2.