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The Pliocene shows that a warmer world can support both expanded and contracted marine Oxygen Minimum Zones. While oxygen distributions were overall like today, there was less low-oxygen water in the North Pacific and more in the North Atlantic
Biopsy is recommended for definitive diagnosis of liver carcinoma, however, this process requires staining and expert pathologists to confirm diagnosis. Here, the authors employ a portable Raman spectroscopy system combined with deep learning to detect carcinoma from normal tissue in real time.
Particulates, bacteria and viruses wrap into cell membranes. Here the authors use optical tweezers, particle tracking and mathematical modelling to show that the uptake process into giant vesicles is influenced by thermal membrane fluctuations.
RNA splicing variations could help identify cancer subtypes, but this task is computationally challenging. Here, the authors develop CHESSBOARD, a Bayesian tile finding algorithm for splicing data which identifies patterns in the form of tiles and can discover leukemia subgroups associated with therapeutic response.
Miniaturized platforms are desirable for terahertz applications. Here the authors demonstrate chip-scale THz generation with controllable waveforms using thin-film lithium niobate.
The nucleolus is a liquid-liquid phase separation droplet that dynamically changes under stress. Here, the authors report PQBP5/NOL10 is a critical component of the nucleolus, maintaining its structure and position in the nucleus during osmotic stress.
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and infection induce antibody responses but the evolution of subsequent variants has resulted in the development of escape mutants. Here the authors characterise, at single cell level, the antibody response in donors after a third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and show difference in breadth, neutralisation and molecular signature according to the vaccination regimen used.
The multifunctional GSDMB protein is an important molecule in human immunity. Here, the authors decipher the molecular mechanisms of GSDMB targeting by the bacterial virulence factor IpaH7.8 and provide insights into GSDMB-mediated pyroptosis.
The underlying mechanisms of how obesity increases asthma prevalence and severity are not well understood. Here, the authors show that antagonizing cholecystokinin and its receptor, CCKAR, in the lung attenuates obesity-associated airway hyperresponsiveness in mice.
The implementation of genomics for identification and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinical laboratories remains challenging. Here, Sherry et al. present a bioinformatics platform for detection of AMR determinants from whole-genome sequencing data, suitable for clinical and public-health microbiology reporting.
High-strength composite materials for electrochemical energy storage is attractive for mobile systems. Here the authors demonstrate high-performance load-bearing integrated electrochemical capacitors, which show high strength, large capacitance, and good machinability.
The stereoselective synthesis of 1,3-dienes represents a challenge in organic synthesis. Here, the authors report a ligand-controlled stereodivergent access to both Z- and E-sulfonyl-1,3-dienes via photoredox and nickel catalysis.
Characterisation of quantum hardware requires clear indications on what can and cannot be learned about quantum noise. Here, the authors show how to characterise learnable degrees of freedom of a Clifford gate using tools from algebraic graph theory.
Aromatic amino acids in proteins support ligand binding and protein stability. To parse the physiocochemical roles of aromatic interactions, here Galles, Infield and co-authors identify pyrrolysine-based aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that enable the encoding of fluorinated phenylalanine amino acids.
The avalanche of publications challenges the norm that researchers extract knowledge from literature to design materials. Here the authors present a text-mining method that is implemented based on the abstracts of 6.4 million papers to enable the design of new high entropy alloys.
All-inorganic nanocrystals are of great importance for a variety of electronic applications. Here, the authors use metal salts to remove organic ligands to obtain passivated nanocrystals with improved fluorescence yield for direct optical patterning.
Nagao et al. show that the insulin receptor can mediate receptor-dependent, but ligand- and tyrosine kinase-independent, events. These are associated with regulation of extracellular matrix, cell cycle, ATM signaling, senescence and apoptosis.
Extremophilic red algae have thrived in hot springs for more than a billion years. Here, the authors analyze chromosome-level assemblies from three red algal species, finding that horizontal gene transfer, subtelomeric gene duplication, and loss of genes or reduction in gene family size have supported key extremophilic adaptations.
This study assesses the probability that deaths following a COVID-19 vaccination are attributable to the vaccine. The authors review all deaths that occurred within 30 days of vaccine receipt in Qatar until June 2022 and find that deaths attributable to vaccination are extremely rare.
With advances in robotic technology, the complexity of control of robot has been increasing owing to fundamental von Neumann bottlenecks. Here, we demonstrate coordinated movement by a fully parallel-processable synaptic array with reduced control complexity.