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Transition-metal catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling (XEC) is a powerful tool for the construction of molecules but XEC between carbon electrophile and chlorosilanes to access organosilicon compounds remains underdeveloped. Here the authors disclose a highly efficient cobalt-catalyzed cross-electrophile alkynylation of a broad range of unactivated chlorosilanes with alkynyl sulfides as a stable and practical alkynyl electrophiles.
Researchers have developed a noninvasive retina prosthesis based on ultrasound for treating blindness. This device uses ultrasound waves to stimulate the retina, creating artificial vision confirmed through behavior tests, offering a safer alternative to invasive treatments.
Efflux pumps confer antibiotic resistance by coupling proton import with drug export. In this work, the authors uncover the proton-coupled transport mechanism for the clinically relevant efflux pump NorA from the pathogenic bacterium S. aureus.
Quantum emitters in Si show promise for applications in quantum information processing and communication due to their potential as spin-photon interfaces. Jhuria et al. report the formation of selected telecom emitters in Si using local writing and erasing by fs laser pulses and annealing in a hydrogen atmosphere.
COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of severe disease in young people, but the absolute risk is low, and side effects have been reported. Here, the authors use data on 5–17 year olds in England to assess the overall risk-benefit profile of the vaccines.
Here the authors measure viral load in samples from skin lesions, saliva, oropharynx, and rectum of 77 patients with acute monkeypox virus infection as well as from environmental fomite swabs and show a high seropositivity rate for antibodies against A29L and H3L.
Respiratory complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described in the acute (within 30 days) and post-acute (after 30 days) phase. Here, the authors characterise the risk of acute and post-acute respiratory complications of SARS-CoV-2 using population-based data from South Korea and Japan.
The uptake of gaseous elementary mercury by terrestrial vegetation in 2100 is likely to decrease by more than half compared to present-day conditions. This decrease is caused by the reduced stomatal conductance associated with increasing CO2 levels.
The precise onset, temporal progression and spatial extent of neuron-tumor crosstalk in brain with Glioblastoma (GBM) are not fully understood. Here authors, using a genetic GBM mouse model, show widespread glutamate accumulation, chronic neural activity disruption between cells and brain areas, depending on tumor expansion rate and genotype with altered tumor and neural activity dynamics when adding glypican6.
Kates et al. propose that nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between bacteria and angiosperms has been gained and lost multiple times, based on ancestral reconstructions of nodulation across a deeply sampled, 13,000-species phylogeny, in contrast to a single origin with many losses.
Incomplete proteolysis of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides by γ-secretases is linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Using cryo-EM and functional analyses, this study uncovers the γ-secretase – Aβ46 structure and unveils key interactions for efficient Aβ cleavage.
The organization of top-down inputs in primary visual cortex (V1) remains unclear. Here the authors characterized corticocortical and thalamocortical top-down inputs recruiting V1 neurons with cell-type and layer-specificities, and revealed distinct forms of top-down input processing.
Here the authors show that Spa2 orchestrates adaptive actin remodelling in budding yeast by dynamically binding ADP-actin and inducing phase separation on F-actin, a crucial response to energy starvation.
Researchers demonstrate that image-processing metasurfaces can be dynamically reconfigured by using phase-change materials. The work might lead to novel tunable devices for compact optical computing for applications in AR/VR and bio-medical imaging.
This study demonstrates that future whole-soil warming has a much stronger effect on soil carbon emission in the alpine grassland ecosystem than what is estimated by previous warming experiments which only warm surface soils mostly.
PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have been approved for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (BC), however resistance and recurrence are often observed. Here, in preclinical models of BRCA1/2 wild type and homologous recombination competent BC, the authors show that C5aR1-positive tumor associated macrophages are associated with PARPi-resistance, suggesting targeting C5aR1 as a therapeutic option.
Maize demand in Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to increase. Here, the authors use data collected by One Acre Fund on 14,773 smallholder fields in the region and determine that maize production can be increased with minimal cropland expansion by improving management practices.
Intermittency is the behavior of extreme fluctuations observed in the flow of a fluid that is often associated with high Reynolds numbers. Here, the authors report intermittency in elastic turbulence at the low Reynolds number and high Deborah number limit.
Titin N2B unique sequence (N2B-us) is a 572 amino acid sequence that acts as an elastic spring to regulate muscle passive elasticity. Here the authors identify a mechanosensitive structural domain within the titin (N2B-us), and a force-dependent interaction between (N2B-us) and the protein FHL2.
Here, Kessler et al use single-cell RNA sequencing of the intestine and mesentery from H18N11 influenza-infected bats to show that viral infection is predominant in leukocytes and causes activation of immune cells and antiviral gene signatures.