Article abstract
Nature Cell Biology 3, 992 - 1000 (2001)
doi:10.1038/ncb1101-992
Kinesin-dependent movement on microtubules precedes actin-based motility of vaccinia virus
Jens Rietdorf1,2, Aspasia Ploubidou1,2, Inge Reckmann1, Anna Holmström1, Friedrich Frischknecht1, Markus Zettl1, Timo Zimmermann1 & Michael Way3
Published 8 October 2001Abstract
Vaccinia virus, a close relative of the causative agent of smallpox, exploits actin polymerization to enhance its cell-to-cell spread. We show that actin-based motility of vaccinia is initiated only at the plasma membrane and remains associated with it. There must therefore be another form of cytoplasmic viral transport, from the cell centre, where the virus replicates, to the periphery. Video analysis reveals that GFP-labelled intracellular enveloped virus particles (IEVs) move from their perinuclear site of assembly to the plasma membrane on microtubules. We show that the viral membrane protein A36R, which is essential for actin-based motility of vaccinia, is also involved in microtubule-mediated movement of IEVs. We further show that conventional kinesin is recruited to IEVs via the light chain TPR repeats and is required for microtubule-based motility of the virus. Vaccinia thus sequentially exploits the microtubule and actin cytoskeletons to enhance its cell-to-cell spread.
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- Present address: Imperial Cancer Research Fund, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK
Correspondence to: Michael Way3 e-mail: m.way@ICRF.icnet.uk
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