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Chinese hamster ovary cells in culture, imaged with an atomic force microscope. Palsson, Wang and colleagues have sequenced the genome of cells from the CHO-K1 line (pictured), an ancestor of cell lines widely used to produce therapeutic proteins (p 735). Credit: Hermann Schillers, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Galvanized by ex-Pfizer researchers, Lycera is pursuing allosteric inhibitors of the mitochondrial ATPase and a nuclear receptor in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
A new technology for genome editing may put the zinc finger nuclease franchise out of business, some believe. Not so fast, say the finger people. Laura DeFrancesco reports.
Despite being caught up in regulatory proceedings for 15 years or more, AquAdvantage salmon, the first animal genetically engineered (GE) for food purposes, continues to raise concerns. Are any of these concerns scientifically justified?
Identification of genomic structural variation from short-read sequencing data is typically accomplished by mapping reads to a reference genome. Li et al. show that de novo assembly of the reads followed by whole-genome alignment to the reference is a more comprehensive method that can also resolve complex rearrangements.
Transcription activator–like effector nucleases (TALENs) are a new technology for modifying the genome at specific loci of interest. Hockemeyer et al. now demonstrate the utility of TALENs for gene targeting in human pluripotent stem cells.
Since 1987, immortalized cells from the ovary of a Chinese hamster have been the workhorse for producing recombinant therapeutics, including monoclonal antibodies, blood factors, hormones, growth factors and enzymes. Xu et al. provide the genome sequence of the ancestral CHO-K1 cell line, which should aid in the optimization of current production cell lines.
New noncoding RNAs can be discovered by assembling transcripts from RNA-Seq data. Prensner et al. apply this approach across >100 prostate cancer samples to find noncoding RNAs that distinguish localized tumors from benign forms of the disease.
Kelly et al. describe antibodies for purifying two progenitor populations that arise during the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to pancreatic beta cells: pancreatic endoderm and polyhormonal endocrine cells. After transplantation into mice, only pancreatic endoderm cells differentiate into glucose-responsive insulin-producing cells.
Fluorescent proteins with excitation and emission maxima in the near-infrared would be especially useful because of the low light absorbance of mammalian tissues in this optical window. Verkhusha and colleagues present a bright, photostable fluorescent protein with optimized near-infrared spectra that does not require the addition of exogenous co-factors.
Cost-effective analysis of allelic variation can be problematic for polyploid crops. By sequencing leaf transcriptomes from a mapping population of oilseed rape and its progenitors, Bancroft et al. provide a general strategy to construct linkage maps for comparative genome analysis.