Table of contents
Volume 455 Number 7210 pp137-262
(this content only available online) indicates content that is available online only
Editorials
Turning blight into bloom p137
As we become an ever more urban species, cities will be a crucial front in the fight against climate change. Scientists, architects and planners must join forces to make our metropolitan future clean and sustainable.
doi:10.1038/455137a
Brave new worlds p137
A new series of essays looks back at scientific meetings that had world-changing consequences.
doi:10.1038/455137b
See also: Editor's summary
A bigger picture p138
Beneath cancer's daunting complexity lies a simplicity that gives grounds for hope.
doi:10.1038/455138a
Research Highlights
Neuroeconomics: Subliminal choices p140
doi:10.1038/455140a
Climate change: 'Hockey stick' holds up p140
doi:10.1038/455140b
Sexual imprinting: Facing Oedipus p140
doi:10.1038/455140c
X-ray physics: Superman's sharper vision p140
doi:10.1038/455140d
Immunology: Holistic medicine p140
doi:10.1038/455140e
Organic chemistry: Tag-team catalysts p140
doi:10.1038/455140f
Genetics: Sweet longevity p141
doi:10.1038/455141a
Molecular immunology: Friendly antibodies p141
doi:10.1038/455141b
Glaciology: Judge a basin by its cover p141
doi:10.1038/455141c
Astrophysics: Cloudy skies p141
doi:10.1038/455141d
News
China rushes through major funding system p142
Medical researchers hurry to hit deadline for megaproject cash.
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/455142a
Megacity project seeks to gauge urban pollution p142
Europe's air quality comes under scrutiny.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/455142b
Lab politics p143
In the second of our election-themed podcasts available online, Nature looks at where US biomedical research might head after November's presidential election.
doi:10.1038/455143a
Change at the top for climate panel p144
Rajendra Pachauri keeps post, but working groups gain fresh leadership.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/455144a
French university under fire for culling macaques p145
Death of research monkeys slammed as morally wrong.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/455145a
'Lucky' Louisiana unprepared for Gustav p147
Coastal restoration hit by hurricane.
Emma Marris
doi:10.1038/455147a
Cancer complexity slows quest for cure p148
Genomic analysis reveals multiple mutations in tumours.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/455148a
Genomics institute secures its future p149
$400-million endowment edges Broad Institute towards independence.
Heidi Ledford
doi:10.1038/455149a
Physicist convicted over links with Iran and China p150
doi:10.1038/455150a
Lancet retracts paper on stem-cell treatment p150
doi:10.1038/455150b
India wins waiver to buy nuclear technology p150
doi:10.1038/455150c
China pauses on turning coal into liquid fuel p151
doi:10.1038/455151a
Wellcome Trust goes into partnership with India p151
doi:10.1038/455151b
Fears for fading fireflies prompt online monitor p151
doi:10.1038/455151c
Correction p151
doi:10.1038/455151d
News Features
Palaeontology: The new mother lode p153
Palaeontologists in Argentina are exploring a trove of fossils that is rewriting evolutionary history. Rex Dalton reports.
doi:10.1038/455153a
Particle physics: The race to break the standard model p156
The Large Hadron Collider is the latest attempt to move fundamental physics past the frustratingly successful 'standard model'. But it is not the only way to do it. Geoff Brumfiel surveys the contenders attempting to capture the prize before the collider gets up to speed.
doi:10.1038/455156a
Protein engineering: The fate of fingers p160
Proteins with 'zinc fingers' designed to bind almost any DNA sequence will soon be available to any lab that wants them — from two very different sources. Helen Pearson reports on a revolution in designer biology.
doi:10.1038/455160a
Correspondence
Doping: a paradigm shift has taken place in testing p166
Pierre-Edouard Sottas, Christophe Saudan & Martial Saugy
doi:10.1038/455166a
Doping: probability that testing doesn't tell us anything new p166
Geoffrey Baird
doi:10.1038/455166b
Doping: ignorance of basic statistics is all too common p166
Matthew Fero
doi:10.1038/455166c
Doping: similar problems arise in medical clinics p167
Eric L. Altschuler
doi:10.1038/455167a
Playing the system to give low-impact journal more clout p167
Tomá
Opatrný
doi:10.1038/455167b
Changing the rules won't stop the rise of a new superpower p167
Robbert Maseland
doi:10.1038/455167c
Books and Arts
There's no place like home? p168
A bold attempt to synthesize the effects of geography on the world's population through maps highlights some interesting paradoxes, explains Yi-Fu Tuan.
Yi-Fu Tuan reviews The Power of Place: Geography, Destiny, and Globalization's Rough Landscape by Harm de Blij
doi:10.1038/455168a
See also: Editor's summary
A toolbox for policy planners p169
Robert Lempert reviews The Handbook of Technology Foresight
doi:10.1038/455169a
Potatoes and poverty p170
Sandra Knapp reviews Propitious Esculent: The Potato in World History by John Reader
doi:10.1038/455170a
Building from the environment p171
Colin Martin reviews Abundant Australia
doi:10.1038/455171a
Hidden treasures: the moulage museum in Zurich p172
Medical students still learn about skin diseases from hundreds of wax models that also record early cancer research and the ravages of syphilis, reports Alison Abbott.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/455172a
Essay
Meetings that changed the world: Paris 1951: The birth of CERN p174
François de Rose chaired the meeting that founded Europe's premier facility for experimental nuclear and particle research. Here he relives the five days of drama that changed the world of physics.
François de Rose
doi:10.1038/455174a
See also: Editor's summary
News and Views
Plant biology: Hormones branch out p176
Evidence points to the existence of a hitherto uncharacterized type of hormone that controls different aspects of plant growth and interaction. The hunt for that hormone is heating up.
Harry Klee
doi:10.1038/455176a
See also: Editor's summary
Gamma-ray bursts: Light on the distant Universe p177
Observations of a long-lasting 
-ray burst, one that has the brightest optical counterpart yet discovered, challenge theoretical understanding of these bursts but may enhance their usefulness as cosmic probes.
Jonathan Grindlay
doi:10.1038/455177a
See also: Editor's summary
Schizophrenia: Incriminating genomic evidence p178
The genetic factors that contribute to schizophrenia can vary, making it difficult to pinpoint which DNA changes are the main culprits. Large genome-wide studies provide the most reliable clues yet.
James R. Lupski
doi:10.1038/455178a
See also: Editor's summary
50 & 100 Years Ago p179
doi:10.1038/455179a
Quantum mechanics: Entangled families p180
Quantum entanglement comes in a rich variety of types and families if more than two particles are involved. Experiments with photons are opening up fresh ways to systematically study multi-particle entanglement.
Markus Aspelmeyer & Jens Eisert
doi:10.1038/455180a
Biomolecular engineering: Negative success in tiny tree p181
Christopher Surridge
doi:10.1038/455181a
See also: Editor's summary
Correction p181
doi:10.1038/455181b
Obituary: Neil Bartlett (1932–2008) p182
Founder of noble-gas chemistry.
Karl O. Christe
doi:10.1038/455182a
Brief Communications Arising
Arctic tropospheric warming amplification? pE1
Peter W. Thorne
doi:10.1038/nature07256
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (403K)
Recent Arctic warming vertical structure contested pE2
A. N. Grant, S. Brönnimann & L. Haimberger
doi:10.1038/nature07257
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (403K)
Arctic warming aloft is data set dependent pE3
Cecilia M. Bitz & Qiang Fu
doi:10.1038/nature07258
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (403K)
Graversen et al. reply pE4
R. G. Graversen, T. Mauritsen, M. Tjernström, E. Källén & G. Svensson
doi:10.1038/nature07259
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (403K)
Articles
Broadband observations of the naked-eye 
-ray burst GRB 080319B p183
J. L. Racusin, S. V. Karpov, M. Sokolowski, J. Granot, X. F. Wu, V. Pal'shin, S. Covino, A. J. van der Horst, S. R. Oates, P. Schady, R. J. Smith, J. Cummings, R. L. C. Starling, L. W. Piotrowski, B. Zhang, P. A. Evans, S. T. Holland, K. Malek, M. T. Page, L. Vetere, R. Margutti, C. Guidorzi, A. P. Kamble, P. A. Curran, A. Beardmore, C. Kouveliotou, L. Mankiewicz, A. Melandri, P. T. O'Brien, K. L. Page, T. Piran, N. R. Tanvir, G. Wrochna, R. L. Aptekar, S. Barthelmy, C. Bartolini, G. M. Beskin, S. Bondar, M. Bremer, S. Campana, A. Castro-Tirado, A. Cucchiara, M. Cwiok, P. D'Avanzo, V. D'Elia, M. Della Valle, A. de Ugarte Postigo, W. Dominik, A. Falcone, F. Fiore, D. B. Fox, D. D. Frederiks, A. S. Fruchter, D. Fugazza, M. A. Garrett, N. Gehrels, S. Golenetskii, A. Gomboc, J. Gorosabel, G. Greco, A. Guarnieri, S. Immler, M. Jelinek, G. Kasprowicz, V. La Parola, A. J. Levan, V. Mangano, E. P. Mazets, E. Molinari, A. Moretti, K. Nawrocki, P. P. Oleynik, J. P. Osborne, C. Pagani, S. B. Pandey, Z. Paragi, M. Perri, A. Piccioni, E. Ramirez-Ruiz, P. W. A. Roming, I. A. Steele, R. G. Strom, V. Testa, G. Tosti, M. V. Ulanov, K. Wiersema, R. A. M. J. Wijers, J. M. Winters, A. F. Zarnecki, F. Zerbi, P. Mészáros, G. Chincarini & D. N. Burrows
doi:10.1038/nature07270
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (347K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Grindlay
Strigolactone inhibition of shoot branching p189
Victoria Gomez-Roldan, Soraya Fermas, Philip B. Brewer, Virginie Puech-Pagès, Elizabeth A. Dun, Jean-Paul Pillot, Fabien Letisse, Radoslava Matusova, Saida Danoun, Jean-Charles Portais, Harro Bouwmeester, Guillaume Bécard, Christine A. Beveridge, Catherine Rameau & Soizic F. Rochange
doi:10.1038/nature07271
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (472K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Klee
Inhibition of shoot branching by new terpenoid plant hormones p195
Mikihisa Umehara, Atsushi Hanada, Satoko Yoshida, Kohki Akiyama, Tomotsugu Arite, Noriko Takeda-Kamiya, Hiroshi Magome, Yuji Kamiya, Ken Shirasu, Koichi Yoneyama, Junko Kyozuka & Shinjiro Yamaguchi
doi:10.1038/nature07272
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (529K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Klee
Letters
A blast wave from the 1843 eruption of 
Carinae p201
Nathan Smith
doi:10.1038/nature07269
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (443K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
A Mott insulator of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice p204
Robert Jördens, Niels Strohmaier, Kenneth Günter, Henning Moritz & Tilman Esslinger
doi:10.1038/nature07244
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (614K)
See also: Editor's summary
The transpiration of water at negative pressures in a synthetic tree p208
Tobias D. Wheeler & Abraham D. Stroock
doi:10.1038/nature07226
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (574K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks p213
Sebastiaan Luyssaert, E. -Detlef Schulze, Annett Börner, Alexander Knohl, Dominik Hessenmöller, Beverly E. Law, Philippe Ciais & John Grace
doi:10.1038/nature07276
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (225K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Upward migration of Vesuvius magma chamber over the past 20,000 years p216
B. Scaillet, M. Pichavant & R. Cioni
doi:10.1038/nature07232
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (253K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Understanding the limits to generalizability of experimental evolutionary models p220
Samantha E. Forde, Robert E. Beardmore, Ivana Gudelj, Sinan S. Arkin, John N. Thompson & Laurence D. Hurst
doi:10.1038/nature07152
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (385K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
High bacterivory by the smallest phytoplankton in the North Atlantic Ocean p224
Mikhail V. Zubkov & Glen A. Tarran
doi:10.1038/nature07236
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (264K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Neural correlates, computation and behavioural impact of decision confidence p227
Adam Kepecs, Naoshige Uchida, Hatim A. Zariwala & Zachary F. Mainen
doi:10.1038/nature07200
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (554K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Large recurrent microdeletions associated with schizophrenia p232
Hreinn Stefansson, Dan Rujescu, Sven Cichon, Olli P. H. Pietiläinen, Andres Ingason, Stacy Steinberg, Ragnheidur Fossdal, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Thordur Sigmundsson, Jacobine E. Buizer-Voskamp, Thomas Hansen, Klaus D. Jakobsen, Pierandrea Muglia, Clyde Francks, Paul M. Matthews, Arnaldur Gylfason, Bjarni V. Halldorsson, Daniel Gudbjartsson, Thorgeir E. Thorgeirsson, Asgeir Sigurdsson, Adalbjorg Jonasdottir, Aslaug Jonasdottir, Asgeir Bjornsson, Sigurborg Mattiasdottir, Thorarinn Blondal, Magnus Haraldsson, Brynja B. Magnusdottir, Ina Giegling, Hans-Jürgen Möller, Annette Hartmann, Kevin V. Shianna, Dongliang Ge, Anna C. Need, Caroline Crombie, Gillian Fraser, Nicholas Walker, Jouko Lonnqvist, Jaana Suvisaari, Annamarie Tuulio-Henriksson, Tiina Paunio, Timi Toulopoulou, Elvira Bramon, Marta Di Forti, Robin Murray, Mirella Ruggeri, Evangelos Vassos, Sarah Tosato, Muriel Walshe, Tao Li, Catalina Vasilescu, Thomas W. Mühleisen, August G. Wang, Henrik Ullum, Srdjan Djurovic, Ingrid Melle, Jes Olesen, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Barbara Franke, GROUP, Chiara Sabatti, Nelson B. Freimer, Jeffrey R. Gulcher, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Augustine Kong, Ole A. Andreassen, Roel A. Ophoff, Alexander Georgi, Marcella Rietschel, Thomas Werge, Hannes Petursson, David B. Goldstein, Markus M. Nöthen, Leena Peltonen, David A. Collier, David St Clair, Kari Stefansson & René S. Kahn, Don H. Linszen, Jim van Os, Durk Wiersma, Richard Bruggeman, Wiepke Cahn, Lieuwe de Haan, Lydia Krabbendam & Inez Myin-Germeys for Genetic Risk and Outcome in Psychosis (GROUP)
doi:10.1038/nature07229
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (336K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Lupski
Rare chromosomal deletions and duplications increase risk of schizophrenia p237
The International Schizophrenia Consortium
doi:10.1038/nature07239
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (204K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Lupski
RNA interference screen for human genes associated with West Nile virus infection p242
Manoj N. Krishnan, Aylwin Ng, Bindu Sukumaran, Felicia D. Gilfoy, Pradeep D. Uchil, Hameeda Sultana, Abraham L. Brass, Rachel Adametz, Melody Tsui, Feng Qian, Ruth R. Montgomery, Sima Lev, Peter W. Mason, Raymond A. Koski, Stephen J. Elledge, Ramnik J. Xavier, Herve Agaisse & Erol Fikrig
doi:10.1038/nature07207
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (593K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
T-cell-expressed proprotein convertase furin is essential for maintenance of peripheral immune tolerance p246
Marko Pesu, Wendy T. Watford, Lai Wei, Lili Xu, Ivan Fuss, Warren Strober, John Andersson, Ethan M. Shevach, Martha Quezado, Nicolas Bouladoux, Anton Roebroek, Yasmine Belkaid, John Creemers & John J. O'Shea
doi:10.1038/nature07210
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (735K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Heterochromatin links to centromeric protection by recruiting shugoshin p251
Yuya Yamagishi, Takeshi Sakuno, Mari Shimura & Yoshinori Watanabe
doi:10.1038/nature07217
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (660K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Corrigendum
Genome analysis of the platypus reveals unique signatures of evolution p256
Wesley C. Warren, LaDeana W. Hillier, Jennifer A. Marshall Graves, Ewan Birney, Chris P. Ponting, Frank Grützner, Katherine Belov, Webb Miller, Laura Clarke, Asif T. Chinwalla, Shiaw-Pyng Yang, Andreas Heger, Devin P. Locke, Pat Miethke, Paul D. Waters, Frédéric Veyrunes, Lucinda Fulton, Bob Fulton, Tina Graves, John Wallis, Xose S. Puente, Carlos López-Otín, Gonzalo R. Ordóñez, Evan E. Eichler, Lin Chen, Ze Cheng, Janine E. Deakin, Amber Alsop, Katherine Thompson, Patrick Kirby, Anthony T. Papenfuss, Matthew J. Wakefield, Tsviya Olender, Doron Lancet, Gavin A. Huttley, Arian F. A. Smit, Andrew Pask, Peter Temple-Smith, Mark A. Batzer, Jerilyn A. Walker, Miriam K. Konkel, Robert S. Harris, Camilla M. Whittington, Emily S. W. Wong, Neil J. Gemmell, Emmanuel Buschiazzo, Iris M. Vargas Jentzsch, Angelika Merkel, Juergen Schmitz, Anja Zemann, Gennady Churakov, Jan Ole Kriegs, Juergen Brosius, Elizabeth P. Murchison, Ravi Sachidanandam, Carly Smith, Gregory J. Hannon, Enkhjargal Tsend-Ayush, Daniel McMillan, Rosalind Attenborough, Willem Rens, Malcolm Ferguson-Smith, Christophe M. Lefèvre, Julie A. Sharp, Kevin R. Nicholas, David A. Ray, Michael Kube, Richard Reinhardt, Thomas H. Pringle, James Taylor, Russell C. Jones, Brett Nixon, Jean-Louis Dacheux, Hitoshi Niwa, Yoko Sekita, Xiaoqiu Huang, Alexander Stark, Pouya Kheradpour, Manolis Kellis, Paul Flicek, Yuan Chen, Caleb Webber, Ross Hardison, Joanne Nelson, Kym Hallsworth-Pepin, Kim Delehaunty, Chris Markovic, Pat Minx, Yucheng Feng, Colin Kremitzki, Makedonka Mitreva, Jarret Glasscock, Todd Wylie, Patricia Wohldmann, Prathapan Thiru, Michael N. Nhan, Craig S. Pohl, Scott M. Smith, Shunfeng Hou, Mikhail Nefedov, Pieter J. de Jong, Marilyn B. Renfree, Elaine R. Mardis & Richard K. Wilson
doi:10.1038/nature07253
Erratum
Tumour invasion and metastasis initiated by microRNA-10b in breast cancer p256
Li Ma, Julie Teruya-Feldstein & Robert A. Weinberg
doi:10.1038/nature07316
Naturejobs
ProspectProspects p257
The LHC will both help and hurt research opportunities for high-energy physics in the United States.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7210-257a
Special Report
Collision course p258
This month, all eyes in the high-energy-physics community will be on the long-awaited launch of CERN's new particle collider. But US budget cuts and an uncertain job market mean the field has little else to celebrate. Eric Hand reports.
Eric Hand
doi:10.1038/nj7210-258a
Career View
Eric Barron, director, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado p260
New NCAR director faces tough decisions early on.
Alexandra Witze
doi:10.1038/nj7210-260a
Fellowships at the FDA p260
FDA fellowship attempts to attract top talent.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7210-260b
Job transplant p260
I loathe the uprooting – but I look forward to the replanting.
Jon Yearsley
doi:10.1038/nj7210-260c
Highlights
Highlight on Ireland
doi:10.1038/nj0226
