Table of contents
Volume 453 Number 7197 pp823-956
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Editorials
To thwart disease, apply now p823
Translational medicine is a key addition to the biomedical research enterprise. Policy-makers and research leaders now must build the infrastructure to take discoveries from the bench to application.
doi:10.1038/453823a
The price isn't right p824
ITER will cost more to build than previously thought. Now is the time to be honest about how much.
doi:10.1038/453824a
Open to interpretation p824
The use of 'dignity' as the foundation for an ethical law in Switzerland is compromising research.
doi:10.1038/453824b
Research Highlights
Palaeobiology: Remember this p826
doi:10.1038/453826a
Neuroscience: Shiver stoppers p826
doi:10.1038/453826b
Zoology: The skin off my back p826
doi:10.1038/453826c
Microscopy: Laser focus p826
doi:10.1038/453826d
Molecular biology: Lost in transcription p826
doi:10.1038/453826e
Animal behaviour: Best and brightest p826
doi:10.1038/453826f
Nanotechnology: Golden advance p827
doi:10.1038/453827a
Photonics: Cancer zapper p827
doi:10.1038/453827b
Geophysics: Mysterious mountains p827
doi:10.1038/453827c
Psychology: Not fair! p827
doi:10.1038/453827d
News
Egg shortage hits race to clone human stem cells p828
Researchers back bid to pay donors.
Brendan Maher
doi:10.1038/453828a
Fusion reactor faces cost hike p829
ITER will also be delayed by up to three years.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/453829a
The winding road from ideas to income p830
Huge numbers of offices have been established over the past 30 years to help university researchers take their discoveries from the lab to the clinic. Meredith Wadman assesses their success.
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/453830a
Swiss court bans work on macaque brains p833
Universities appeal against ruling on animals' dignity.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/453833a
Sidelines p834
Scribbles on the margins of science.
doi:10.1038/453834a
Near-perfect 'black' p834
Philip Ball
doi:10.1038/453834b
NIH responds to critics on peer review p835
Agency sets its sights on transformative research.
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/453835a
Beep-beep! Roadrunner breaks petaflop barrier p837
doi:10.1038/453837a
Physicist's involvement in historical race row disputed p837
doi:10.1038/453837b
Panel urges further review of controversial NIH lab p837
doi:10.1038/453837c
Publications follow policy on stem-cell research p837
doi:10.1038/453837d
Senate climate debate suffers death by hot air p837
doi:10.1038/453837e
Japanese lab installed on space station p837
doi:10.1038/453837f
Corrections p837
doi:10.1038/453837g
Column
A delicate balance p838
Near-term and long-term research are vying for attention. David Goldston says that a fuller congressional debate is needed.
David Goldston
doi:10.1038/453838a
News Features
Translational research: Getting the message across p839
doi:10.1038/453839a
Translational research: Crossing the valley of death p840
A chasm has opened up between biomedical researchers and the patients who need their discoveries. Declan Butler asks how the ground shifted and whether the US National Institutes of Health can bridge the gap.
doi:10.1038/453840a
Translational research: The full cycle p843
Results can be thrust from bench to bedside, but there is also much to be learned by pushing the other way. Heidi Ledford tells tales of clinical trials that have prompted a change in tack.
doi:10.1038/453843a
Translational research: A case history p846
The Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research is focused on translating research into cures. Helen Pearson investigates whether its sometimes unusual methods are producing results.
doi:10.1038/453846a
Correspondence
European research system must not go bananas p850
Andre Geim
doi:10.1038/453850a
Large projects can create useful partnerships p850
Josef Settele, Joachim Spangenberg & Ingolf Kühn
doi:10.1038/453850b
European research needs a dash of anarchy p850
Theo Wallimann
doi:10.1038/453850c
Commentaries
Follow the leader p851
If Japan is to become a front-runner in pharmaceutical development, it must not only speed up its approval of new drugs, but also enhance its own research capabilities, argue Kaori Tsuji and Kiichiro Tsutani.
doi:10.1038/453851a
A new relationship p853
Fuelling innovation requires a different kind of collaboration between industrial and academic researchers, argues Bill Destler.
doi:10.1038/453853a
Books and Arts
A prescription for public health p855
Will high drug prices and a lack of new medicines force the pharmaceutical industry to restructure and take a more personalized approach to research, asks Merrill Goozner.
Merrill Goozner reviews Reasonable Rx: Solving the Drug Price Crisis by Stan Finkelstein & Peter Temin
doi:10.1038/453855a
Complementary cures tested p856
Toby Murcott reviews Trick or Treatment? Alternative Medicine on Trial by Simon Singh & Edzard Ernst
doi:10.1038/453856a
Saving water p857
doi:10.1038/453857a
Suppressing science p857
Dick Taverne reviews Doubt Is Their Product: How Industry's Assault on Science Threatens Your Health by David Michaels
doi:10.1038/453857b
Culture dish p858
doi:10.1038/453858a
Essay
Science & Music: Raising the roof p859
Michael Barron explores how physics, psychology and fashion have influenced concert hall acoustics.
Michael Barron
doi:10.1038/453859a
See also: Editor's summary
News and Views
Biochemistry: Molecular cloaking devices p861
Protease enzymes cut other proteins into pieces, but some can be blocked by inhibitors. One such inhibitor binds to the substrate rather than the enzyme, suggesting a new tactic for drug discovery.
Thomas Kodadek
doi:10.1038/453861a
See also: Editor's summary
Physical chemistry: Cool it, baby p862
A long-sought but short-lived molecule has been made and characterized for the first time. This compound decays at low temperatures using an unusual trick — a mechanism known as quantum tunnelling.
Markku Räsänen
doi:10.1038/453862a
See also: Editor's summary
Animal behaviour: Guardian caterpillars p863
Christopher Surridge
doi:10.1038/453863a
Huntington's disease: Genetics lends a hand p863
A monkey model of Huntington's disease created by gene transfer is only a work in progress. But as a technological feat it offers great promise for fathoming this devastating condition.
Stéphane Palfi & Bechir Jarraya
doi:10.1038/nature06365
See also: Editor's summary
Nuclear physics: A neutrino's wobble? p864
Periodic oscillations have been observed in what should be straightforward exponential decay curves of two radioactive isotopes. An entirely mysterious phenomenon, its proposed cause seems equally exotic.
Philip M. Walker
doi:10.1038/453864a
50 & 100 Years Ago p865
doi:10.1038/453865a
See also: Editor's summary
Condensed-matter physics: Paralysed by disorder p866
In a disordered medium, a quantum particle can literally stop itself in its tracks. This localization phenomenon can be observed directly using the coldest known form of matter, caught in a laser trap.
Daniel A. Steck
doi:10.1038/453866a
See also: Editor's summary
Obituary: Willis E. Lamb Jr (1913–2008) p867
Meticulous physicist and discoverer of the Lamb shift.
Murray Sargent
doi:10.1038/453867a
Review
What we can do and what we cannot do with fMRI p869
Nikos K. Logothetis
doi:10.1038/nature06976
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (3,505K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Articles
A phosphatase cascade by which rewarding stimuli control nucleosomal response p879
Alexandre Stipanovich, Emmanuel Valjent, Miriam Matamales, Akinori Nishi, Jung-Hyuck Ahn, Matthieu Maroteaux, Jesus Bertran-Gonzalez, Karen Brami-Cherrier, Hervé Enslen, Anne-Gaëlle Corbillé, Odile Filhol, Angus C. Nairn, Paul Greengard, Denis Hervé & Jean-Antoine Girault
doi:10.1038/nature06994
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,219K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Structural basis for the regulated protease and chaperone function of DegP p885
Tobias Krojer, Justyna Sawa, Eva Schäfer, Helen R. Saibil, Michael Ehrmann & Tim Clausen
doi:10.1038/nature07004
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,197K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Letters
Direct observation of Anderson localization of matter waves in a controlled disorder p891
Juliette Billy, Vincent Josse, Zhanchun Zuo, Alain Bernard, Ben Hambrecht, Pierre Lugan, David Clément, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia, Philippe Bouyer & Alain Aspect
doi:10.1038/nature07000
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (467K)
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Steck
Anderson localization of a non-interacting Bose–Einstein condensate p895
Giacomo Roati, Chiara D'Errico, Leonardo Fallani, Marco Fattori, Chiara Fort, Matteo Zaccanti, Giovanni Modugno, Michele Modugno & Massimo Inguscio
doi:10.1038/nature07071
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (519K)
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Steck
Magnetic order close to superconductivity in the iron-based layered LaO1-xFxFeAs systems p899
Clarina de la Cruz, Q. Huang, J. W. Lynn, Jiying Li, W. Ratcliff II, J. L. Zarestky, H. A. Mook, G. F. Chen, J. L. Luo, N. L. Wang & Pengcheng Dai
doi:10.1038/nature07057
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (637K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Two-band superconductivity in LaFeAsO0.89F0.11 at very high magnetic fields p903
F. Hunte, J. Jaroszynski, A. Gurevich, D. C. Larbalestier, R. Jin, A. S. Sefat, M. A. McGuire, B. C. Sales, D. K. Christen & D. Mandrus
doi:10.1038/nature07058
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,272K)
See also: Editor's summary
Capture of hydroxymethylene and its fast disappearance through tunnelling p906
Peter R. Schreiner, Hans Peter Reisenauer, Frank C. Pickard IV, Andrew C. Simmonett, Wesley D. Allen, Edit Mátyus & Attila G. Császár
doi:10.1038/nature07010
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (307K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Räsänen
Continental mantle signature of Bushveld magmas and coeval diamonds p910
Stephen H. Richardson & Steven B. Shirey
doi:10.1038/nature07073
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (317K)
See also: Editor's summary
Ultrasonic frogs show hyperacute phonotaxis to female courtship calls p914
Jun-Xian Shen, Albert S. Feng, Zhi-Min Xu, Zu-Lin Yu, Victoria S. Arch, Xin-Jian Yu & Peter M. Narins
doi:10.1038/nature06719
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (400K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Perceptual accuracy and conflicting effects of certainty on risk-taking behaviour p917
Sharoni Shafir, Taly Reich, Erez Tsur, Ido Erev & Arnon Lotem
doi:10.1038/nature06841
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (221K)
See also: Editor's summary
Towards a transgenic model of Huntington's disease in a non-human primate p921
Shang-Hsun Yang, Pei-Hsun Cheng, Heather Banta, Karolina Piotrowska-Nitsche, Jin-Jing Yang, Eric C. H. Cheng, Brooke Snyder, Katherine Larkin, Jun Liu, Jack Orkin, Zhi-Hui Fang, Yoland Smith, Jocelyne Bachevalier, Stuart M. Zola, Shi-Hua Li, Xiao-Jiang Li & Anthony W. S. Chan
doi:10.1038/nature06975
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (572K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Palfi & Jarraya
Substrate-targeting 
-secretase modulators p925
Thomas L. Kukar, Thomas B. Ladd, Maralyssa A. Bann, Patrick C. Fraering, Rajeshwar Narlawar, Ghulam M. Maharvi, Brent Healy, Robert Chapman, Alfred T. Welzel, Robert W. Price, Brenda Moore, Vijayaraghavan Rangachari, Bernadette Cusack, Jason Eriksen, Karen Jansen-West, Christophe Verbeeck, Debra Yager, Christopher Eckman, Wenjuan Ye, Sarah Sagi, Barbara A. Cottrell, Justin Torpey, Terrone L. Rosenberry, Abdul Fauq, Michael S. Wolfe, Boris Schmidt, Dominic M. Walsh, Edward H. Koo & Todd E. Golde
doi:10.1038/nature07055
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (558K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Kodadek
Sex determination involves synergistic action of SRY and SF1 on a specific Sox9 enhancer p930
Ryohei Sekido & Robin Lovell-Badge
doi:10.1038/nature06944
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (537K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Draper-dependent glial phagocytic activity is mediated by Src and Syk family kinase signalling p935
Jennifer S. Ziegenfuss, Romi Biswas, Michelle A. Avery, Kyoungja Hong, Amy E. Sheehan, Yee-Guide Yeung, E. Richard Stanley & Marc R. Freeman
doi:10.1038/nature06901
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (743K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Magnetic resonance imaging of pH in vivo using hyperpolarized 13C-labelled bicarbonate p940
Ferdia A. Gallagher, Mikko I. Kettunen, Sam E. Day, De-En Hu, Jan Henrik Ardenkjær-Larsen, René in 't Zandt, Pernille R. Jensen, Magnus Karlsson, Klaes Golman, Mathilde H. Lerche & Kevin M. Brindle
doi:10.1038/nature07017
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (404K)
See also: Editor's summary
Global control of cell-cycle transcription by coupled CDK and network oscillators p944
David A. Orlando, Charles Y. Lin, Allister Bernard, Jean Y. Wang, Joshua E. S. Socolar, Edwin S. Iversen, Alexander J. Hartemink & Steven B. Haase
doi:10.1038/nature06955
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (803K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Domain organization of human chromosomes revealed by mapping of nuclear lamina interactions p948
Lars Guelen, Ludo Pagie, Emilie Brasset, Wouter Meuleman, Marius B. Faza, Wendy Talhout, Bert H. Eussen, Annelies de Klein, Lodewyk Wessels, Wouter de Laat & Bas van Steensel
doi:10.1038/nature06947
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,302K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Corrigendum
Lethargus is a Caenorhabditis elegans sleep-like state p952
David M. Raizen, John E. Zimmerman, Matthew H. Maycock, Uyen D. Ta, Young-jai You, Meera V. Sundaram & Allan I. Pack
doi:10.1038/nature07044
Naturejobs
ProspectProspects p953
US universities may have to chip in more for researchers' salaries.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7197-953a
Career View
Cato Laurencin, vice-president for health affairs, University of Connecticut Health Center, and dean, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington p954
Cato Laurencin brings medicine and engineering expertise to his new post.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7197-954a
A route to postdoc diversity p954
Postdoc diversity programme shows signs of success.
Jill U. Adams
doi:10.1038/nj7197-954b
Winning a plant campaign p954
Going to battle, with vegetables.
Zachary Lippman
doi:10.1038/nj7197-954c