Table of contents
Volume 446 Number 7136 pp583-700
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Editorials
Museums need two cultures p583
The resignation of the head of the Smithsonian Institution highlights a misguided tendency for museums to focus on communication at the expense of research. It also offers the chance of a fresh start.
doi:10.1038/446583a
Timber and tapirs p583
A biodiversity conservation project needs support, a watchful eye, and maybe even a long-snouted ally.
doi:10.1038/446583b
South Africa's mentors p584
Announcing this year's Nature awards for scientific mentoring.
doi:10.1038/446584a
News
Proteins make light work of nerve control p588
Simple switch promises revolution in neuroscience.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/446588a
Car emissions are EPA's problem p589
Supreme Court affirms that greenhouse gases fall under the Clean Air Act.
Emma Marris
doi:10.1038/446589a
China plans to modernize traditional medicine p590
Government initiative aims to meet scientific standards.
Jane Qiu
doi:10.1038/446590a
Sidelines p591
doi:10.1038/446591a
Joan of Arc's relics exposed as forgery p593
Perfume experts help unmask remains as Egyptian mummy.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/446593a
Smithsonian looks beyond ousted boss p594
Museum faces struggles to balance books.
Jim Giles
doi:10.1038/446594a
Snapshot: Over the Moon p595
Galileo's lunar sketches are brought to light.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/446595a
News in brief p596
doi:10.1038/446596a
Clarification p597
doi:10.1038/446597a
Business
China's deadly drug problem p598
The head of China's drug-safety agency is under investigation for alleged corruption. David Cyranoski looks at how the inquiry might affect the country's fast-growing pharmaceutical industry.
doi:10.1038/446598a
In brief p599
doi:10.1038/446599a
Market watch p599
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/446599b
News Features
A long time ago, in a galaxy not so far away p600
Vast stellar nurseries, clouds that dwarf the Solar System and lurking swarms of black holes. Jeff Kanipe probes the unfolding mysteries at the heart of the Milky Way.
doi:10.1038/446600a
See also: Editor's summary
Endangered collections p605
Philadelphia's venerable natural history museum is teetering on the brink of financial disaster. A new president recently took the helm, but can he save one of America's great institutions? Rex Dalton reports.
doi:10.1038/446605a
Biodiversity: Logging: the new conservation p608
Can a vast monoculture plantation be at the forefront of biodiversity protection? David Cyranoski meets conservation biologists who hope to save species by making peace with the enemy.
doi:10.1038/446608a
See also: Editor's summary
Correspondence
Follow Thompson's map to turn biology from a science into a Science p611
Brian J. Enquist & Scott C. Stark
doi:10.1038/446611a
Authors defend study that shows high Iraqi death toll p611
Les Roberts & Gilbert Burnham
doi:10.1038/446611b
Books and Arts
Avoiding system failure p613
An upgraded version of capitalism is needed to protect the world's resources.
Robert Costanza reviews Capitalism 3.0: A Guide to Reclaiming the Commons by Peter Barnes
doi:10.1038/446613a
See also: Editor's summary
Neurons and knowledge p614
David Papineau reviews Second Nature: Brain Science and Human Knowledge by Gerald M. Edelman
doi:10.1038/446614a
Film: Dark days ahead p615
Richard Webb reviews Sunshine directed by Danny Boyle & Alex Garland
doi:10.1038/446615a
Essay
ConnectionsUnity from conflict p616
Could the evolution of multicellular life have been fuelled by conflict among selective forces acting at different levels of organization?
Paul B. Rainey
doi:10.1038/446616a
News and Views
Neuroscience: Controlling neural circuits with light p617
Two light-sensitive proteins from unicellular organisms have been harnessed to rapidly activate or silence neurons. This optical remote control allows precise, millisecond control of neural circuits.
Michael Häusser & Spencer L. Smith
doi:10.1038/446617a
See also: Editor's summary
Attophysics: Tunnel vision p619
The tunnelling of a bound electron out of an atom in a laser field is a well-known quantum-mechanical process. But it happens very quickly, and it takes some fast work with X-rays and lasers to see it in action.
Jonathan P. Marangos
doi:10.1038/446619a
See also: Editor's summary
Plant biology: Sticking with auxin p621
Auxin is one of the main agents that regulate plant growth and development. Intricate crystallographic studies reveal how this hormone acts as a 'molecular glue' in mediating substrate–receptor interactions.
Tom Guilfoyle
doi:10.1038/446621a
See also: Editor's summary
Evolutionary biology: Born-again hagfishes p622
The strange, slimy creatures called hagfishes are of abiding interest to students of vertebrate evolution: just where do they fit in? Investigations of hagfish development take the story forward.
Philippe Janvier
doi:10.1038/nature05712
See also: Editor's summary
Palaeomagnetism: A more ancient shield p623
Earth's magnetic field has protected our atmosphere from erosion by the solar wind ever since it started up. Silicate crystals from some of Earth's oldest rocks date that event to more than 3 billion years ago.
David J. Dunlop
doi:10.1038/446623a
See also: Editor's summary
Obituary: Frank Albert Cotton (1930–2007) p626
Inorganic chemist, educator and discoverer of the quadruple bond.
Stephen J. Lippard
doi:10.1038/446626a
Brief Communications Arising
Palaeontology: Undressing and redressing Ediacaran embryos pE9
Shuhai Xiao, Chuanming Zhou & Xunlai Yuan
doi:10.1038/nature05753
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (2,177K)
Palaeontology: Undressing and redressing Ediacaran embryos (Reply) pE10
Jake V. Bailey, Samantha B. Joye, Karen M. Kalanetra, Beverly E. Flood & Frank A. Corsetti
doi:10.1038/nature05754
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (2,177K)
Articles
Attosecond real-time observation of electron tunnelling in atoms p627
M. Uiberacker, Th. Uphues, M. Schultze, A. J. Verhoef, V. Yakovlev, M. F. Kling, J. Rauschenberger, N. M. Kabachnik, H. Schröder, M. Lezius, K. L. Kompa, H.-G. Muller, M. J. J. Vrakking, S. Hendel, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher & F. Krausz
doi:10.1038/nature05648
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (875K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Marangos
Multimodal fast optical interrogation of neural circuitry p633
Feng Zhang, Li-Ping Wang, Martin Brauner, Jana F. Liewald, Kenneth Kay, Natalie Watzke, Phillip G. Wood, Ernst Bamberg, Georg Nagel, Alexander Gottschalk & Karl Deisseroth
doi:10.1038/nature05744
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,536K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Häusser & Smith
Mechanism of auxin perception by the TIR1 ubiquitin ligase p640
Xu Tan, Luz Irina A. Calderon-Villalobos, Michal Sharon, Changxue Zheng, Carol V. Robinson, Mark Estelle & Ning Zheng
doi:10.1038/nature05731
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,079K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Guilfoyle
Letters
Global warming and climate forcing by recent albedo changes on Mars p646
Lori K. Fenton, Paul E. Geissler & Robert M. Haberle
doi:10.1038/nature05718
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (615K)
See also: Editor's summary
Lanthanide contraction and magnetism in the heavy rare earth elements p650
I. D. Hughes, M. Däne, A. Ernst, W. Hergert, M. Lüders, J. Poulter, J. B. Staunton, A. Svane, Z. Szotek & W. M. Temmerman
doi:10.1038/nature05668
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (404K) | Supplementary information
Effect of evaporite deposition on Early Cretaceous carbon and sulphur cycling p654
Ulrich G. Wortmann & Boris M. Chernyavsky
doi:10.1038/nature05693
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (378K) | Supplementary information
Geomagnetic field strength 3.2 billion years ago recorded by single silicate crystals p657
John A. Tarduno, Rory D. Cottrell, Michael K. Watkeys & Dorothy Bauch
doi:10.1038/nature05667
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (612K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Dunlop
Doushantuo embryos preserved inside diapause egg cysts p661
Leiming Yin, Maoyan Zhu, Andrew H. Knoll, Xunlai Yuan, Junming Zhang & Jie Hu
doi:10.1038/nature05682
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (480K)
See also: Editor's summary
Quantifying social group evolution p664
Gergely Palla, Albert-László Barabási & Tamás Vicsek
doi:10.1038/nature05670
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (497K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Antibiotic interactions that select against resistance p668
Remy Chait, Allison Craney & Roy Kishony
doi:10.1038/nature05685
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (398K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Hagfish embryology with reference to the evolution of the neural crest p672
Kinya G. Ota, Shigehiro Kuraku & Shigeru Kuratani
doi:10.1038/nature05633
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,017K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Janvier
Myc deletion rescues Apc deficiency in the small intestine p676
Owen J. Sansom, Valerie S. Meniel, Vanesa Muncan, Toby J. Phesse, Julie A. Wilkins, Karen R. Reed, J. Keith Vass, Dimitris Athineos, Hans Clevers & Alan R. Clarke
doi:10.1038/nature05674
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (707K) | Supplementary information
Semaphorin 7A initiates T-cell-mediated inflammatory responses through 
1
1 integrin p680
Kazuhiro Suzuki, Tatsusada Okuno, Midori Yamamoto, R. Jeroen Pasterkamp, Noriko Takegahara, Hyota Takamatsu, Tomoe Kitao, Junichi Takagi, Paul D. Rennert, Alex L. Kolodkin, Atsushi Kumanogoh & Hitoshi Kikutani
doi:10.1038/nature05652
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (552K) | Supplementary information
Foxp3 controls regulatory T-cell function by interacting with AML1/Runx1 p685
Masahiro Ono, Hiroko Yaguchi, Naganari Ohkura, Issay Kitabayashi, Yuko Nagamura, Takashi Nomura, Yoshiki Miyachi, Toshihiko Tsukada & Shimon Sakaguchi
doi:10.1038/nature05673
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (679K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Nuclear cytokine-activated IKK controls prostate cancer metastasis by repressing Maspin p690
Jun-Li Luo, Wei Tan, Jill M. Ricono, Olexandr Korchynskyi, Ming Zhang, Steven L. Gonias, David A. Cheresh & Michael Karin
doi:10.1038/nature05656
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (568K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Corrigendum
Global warming and climate forcing by recent albedo changes on Mars
Lori K. Fenton, Paul E. Geissler & Robert M. Haberle
doi:10.1038/nature05791
Naturejobs
ProspectProspect p695
Taiwan is taking a determined approach to science R&D.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7136-695a
Region
Making it big in Taiwan p696
This small but inventive island is putting transgenics and nanotechnology to novel uses. A pay rise might be all it needs to lure its expatriate scientists home, says Paul Smaglik.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7136-696a
Career Views
Johann-Dietrich Wörner, chairman of the German Aerospace Centre p698
Johann-Dietrich Wörner takes up the challenge of running the German Aerospace Centre.
Sophie Stigler
doi:10.1038/nj7136-698a
Minority report p698
Minority groups are striving to reap rewards from science careers.
Jose Rodriguez
doi:10.1038/nj7136-698b
The benefactor p698
I need a benefactor to pursue my research – and I'm not ashamed to admit it.
Maria Ocampo-Hafalla
doi:10.1038/nj7136-698c
Recruitment
The inside track from academia and industry: Found in translation p700
For those who wish to marry research with clinical applications, finding the right environment can be hard.
David Shaywitz & Hayes Dansky
doi:10.1038/nj7136-700a
Spotlight
Spotlight on Taiwan
doi:10.1038/nj0152
Highlights
Opportunities: The National Institute of Health
doi:10.1038/nj0154
