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Nature 442, 987-988 (31 August 2006) | doi:10.1038/nature05165; Published online 20 August 2006

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Immunology: Protection and privilege

Herman Waldmann1

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The immune system not only attacks microbes, but also regulates itself to avoid harming vital organs. Cells notorious for their involvement in allergy turn out to be vital to this protective function.

The immune system's capacity to regulate its own activities can be exploited to prevent rejection of transplanted organs and to reverse autoimmune diseases such as diabetes. The chief agents of this immune self-regulation system are specialized cells — T regulatory cells (Treg) — that somehow prevent other immune cells from attacking healthy tissues.

  1. Herman Waldmann is in the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
    Email: herman.waldmann@path.ox.ac.uk

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