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Brief Communications

Nature 438, 441-442 (24 November 2005) | doi:10.1038/nature04405; Published online 23 November 2005

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Synthetic biology: Engineering Escherichia coli to see light

Anselm Levskaya1, Aaron A. Chevalier2, Jeffrey J. Tabor2, Zachary Booth Simpson2, Laura A. Lavery2, Matthew Levy2, Eric A. Davidson2, Alexander Scouras2, Andrew D. Ellington2,3, Edward M. Marcotte2,3 & Christopher A. Voigt1,4,5

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These smart bacteria 'photograph' a light pattern as a high-definition chemical image.

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We have designed a bacterial system that is switched between different states by red light. The system consists of a synthetic sensor kinase that allows a lawn of bacteria to function as a biological film, such that the projection of a pattern of light on to the bacteria produces a high-definition (about 100 megapixels per square inch), two-dimensional chemical image. This spatial control of bacterial gene expression could be used to 'print' complex biological materials, for example, and to investigate signalling pathways through precise spatial and temporal control of their phosphorylation steps.

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