Table of contents
Volume 430 Number 6996 pp123-276
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Editorials
Beyond Cassini p123
The triumph of the spacecraft's arrival in orbit around Saturn last week heralds four years of outstanding research. But the longer-term ambitions of NASA and planetary researchers signal trouble ahead.
doi:10.1038/430123a
News cornucopia p123
How to access all of Nature publications' journalism in one fell swoop.
doi:10.1038/430123b
News
War of words escalates in run-up to California's vote on stem cells p125
Jonathan Knight
doi:10.1038/430125a
Superbug genome excels at passing on drug resistance p126
Jim Giles
doi:10.1038/430126a
Scepticism greets pitch to detect dark energy in the lab p126
Philip Ball
doi:10.1038/430126b
Treetop ecologists brought down by miners p127
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/430127a
'Inspirational' leader quits Madrid heart project p127
Quirin Schiermeier and Monica Salomone
doi:10.1038/430127b
Low US participation clouds AIDS meeting p128
Erika Check
doi:10.1038/430128a
Biochemist takes the reins at top European laboratory p128
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/430128b
Senator urges private groups to run cut-price Moon shot p129
Tony Reichhardt
doi:10.1038/430129a
Watchdog slams failings of Israeli animal-rights law p129
Haim Watzman
doi:10.1038/430129b
News Features
Called to account p133
Progress is being made in the fight against HIV, but rich countries have yet to meet all of their pledges to tackle the AIDS pandemic.
doi:10.1038/430133a
Snapshot of a pandemic p134
doi:10.1038/430134a
Out of Thailand, into Africa p136
Can African nations produce their own affordable AIDS drugs? Yes, says the woman behind Thailand's successful HIV treatment programme. Julie Clayton talks to a driven individual who won't take no for an answer.
doi:10.1038/430136a
news feature
Starting to gel p138
In sub-Saharan Africa, there's an urgent need for creams or gels that can protect women from infection with HIV. Now the first large-scale trials are getting under way. Helen Pilcher reports.
Helen Pilcher
doi:10.1038/430138a
Correspondence
Extinction-risk coverage is worth inaccuracies p141
The media raised awareness of an important issue, even if they got some details wrong.
Lee Hannah and Brad Phillips
doi:10.1038/430141a
Saving vital time in the war on drug resistance p141
Michel G. Bergeron, Ann Huletsky, François J. Picard and Maurice Boissinot
doi:10.1038/430141b
Fat chance of measuring food intake accurately p141
J. T. Winkler
doi:10.1038/430141c
Commentary
The fight for fair play p143
Can athletes be held responsible for every substance they take?
doi:10.1038/430143a
Books and Arts
An elusive serial killer p145
The organism behind the three great plagues is still shrouded in mystery.
Richard W. Titball reviews Plague: The Mysterious Past and Terrifying Future of the World's Most Dangerous Diseaseby Wendy Orent and Return of the Black Death: The World's Greatest Serial Killer by Susan Scott and Christopher Duncan
doi:10.1038/430145a
Clash of the titans p146
Arthur Fine reviews Einstein Defiant: Genius versus Genius in the Quantum Revolutionby Edmund Blair Bolles
doi:10.1038/430146a
Science in culture p147
The Science Fiction Museum and Hall of Fame in Seattle opens up a whole new world.
Greg Bear reviews
doi:10.1038/430147a
Making a difference p148
Sara J. Shettleworth reviews Do Animals Think? by Clive D. L. Wynne
doi:10.1038/430148a
Reissued classics p148
doi:10.1038/430148b
News and Views
Old before their time p149
The discovery of massive, evolved galaxies at much greater distances than expected — and hence at earlier times in the history of the Universe — is a challenge to our understanding of how galaxies form.
Gregory D. Wirth
doi:10.1038/430149a
Immunology: Polarizing a T-cell response p150
Signals through Notch receptors regulate many developmental decisions. New evidence suggests that this pathway is also involved in dictating the tone of the immune response to infection.
Sophie M. Lehar and Michael J. Bevan
doi:10.1038/430150a
Earth science: Kinks and circuits p151
Flow in the Earth's mantle buffets ascending mantle plumes, causing surface 'hotspots' to move relative to each other. A chain of deduction offers solutions to an age-old puzzle about hotspot behaviour.
Norman H. Sleep
doi:10.1038/430151a
100 and 50 years ago p151
doi:10.1038/430151b
Ion channels: Gate expectations p153
The opening and closing — gating — of ion channels in response to specific stimuli is crucial for cell function. The membrane-partitioning activities of two venom toxins give insights into the mechanisms involved.
Maria L. Garcia
doi:10.1038/430153a
Condensed-matter physics: Charge-ordering in oxides p155
Transition metals form mixed-valence oxides that are expected to have ordered arrangements of d-shell electrons. But the ionic picture must be rethought to include oxygen 'holes' in the charge-ordered patterns.
Michael Coey
doi:10.1038/430155a
Immunology: Another manifestation of GOD p157
In studies of the evolution of the adaptive immune system, the lamprey has been an unlikely centre of attention. These studies now provide evidence of a fascinating variation on how such a system can operate.
Martin F. Flajnik
doi:10.1038/430157a
NVF
The RNAi revolution p161
The term RNAi — short for RNA interference — crops up again and again in biology research these days. This is in part because of its power as a laboratory tool, and in part because it is a widespread natural phenomenon.
Carl D. Novina and Phillip A. Sharp
doi:10.1038/430161a
Brief Communications
Braiding patterns on an inclined plane p165
The changing boundaries of a stream flowing at a constant rate are explained.
Keith Mertens, Vakhtang Putkaradze and Peter Vorobieff
doi:10.1038/430165a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (144K) | Supplementary information
Top of page
Brief Communications Arising
Physiology: Does gut hormone PYY3–36 decrease food intake in rodents?
M. Tschöp, T. R. Castañeda, H. G. Joost, C. Thöne-Reineke, S. Ortmann, S. Klaus, M. M. Hagan, P. C. Chandler, K. D. Oswald, S. C. Benoit, R. J. Seeley, K. P. Kinzig, T. H. Moran, A. G. Beck-Sickinger, N. Koglin, R. J. Rodgers, J. E. Blundell, Y. Ishii, A. H. Beattie, P. Holch, D. B. Allison, K. Raun, K. Madsen, B. S. Wulff, C. E. Stidsen, M. Birringer, O. J. Kreuzer, M. Schindler, K. Arndt, K. Rudolf, M. Mark, X. Y. Deng, D. C. Withcomb, H. Halem, J. Taylor, J. Dong, R. Datta, M. Culler, S. Craney, D. Flora, D. Smiley and M. L. Heiman
doi:10.1038/nature02665
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (428K)
Physiology: Does gut hormone PYY3–36 decrease food intake in rodents? (reply)
R. L. Batterham, M. A. Cowley, C. J. Small, H. Herzog, M. A. Cohen, C. L. Dakin, A. M. Wren, A. E. Brynes, M. J. Low, M. A. Ghatei, R. D. Cone and S. R. Bloom
doi:10.1038/nature02666
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (75K)
Articles
Prediction of Emperor-Hawaii seamount locations from a revised model of global plate motion and mantle flow p167
Bernhard Steinberger, Rupert Sutherland and Richard J. O'Connell
doi:10.1038/nature02660
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (540K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Sleep
Somatic diversification of variable lymphocyte receptors in the agnathan sea lamprey p174
Zeev Pancer, Chris T. Amemiya, Götz R. A. Ehrhardt, Jill Ceitlin, G. Larry Gartland and Max D. Cooper
doi:10.1038/nature02740
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (503K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Flajnik
Letters to Nature
A high abundance of massive galaxies 3–6 billion years after the Big Bang p181
Karl Glazebrook, Roberto G. Abraham, Patrick J. McCarthy, Sandra Savaglio, Hsiao-Wen Chen, David Crampton, Rick Murowinski, Inger Jørgensen, Kathy Roth, Isobel Hook, Ronald O. Marzke and R. G. Carlberg
doi:10.1038/nature02667
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (357K)
See also: News and Views by Wirth
Old galaxies in the young Universe p184
A. Cimatti, E. Daddi, A. Renzini, P. Cassata, E. Vanzella, L. Pozzetti, S. Cristiani, A. Fontana, G. Rodighiero, M. Mignoli and G. Zamorani
doi:10.1038/nature02668
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (290K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Wirth
An unusual isotope effect in a high-transition-temperature superconductor p187
G.-H. Gweon, T. Sasagawa, S.Y. Zhou, J. Graf, H. Takagi, D.-H. Lee and A. Lanzara
doi:10.1038/nature02731
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (241K) | Supplementary information
Colloidal nanocrystal heterostructures with linear and branched topology p190
Delia J. Milliron, Steven M. Hughes, Yi Cui, Liberato Manna, Jingbo Li, Lin-Wang Wang and A. Paul Alivisatos
doi:10.1038/nature02695
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (496K) | Supplementary information
Export of dissolved organic carbon from peatlands under elevated carbon dioxide levels p195
C. Freeman, N. Fenner, N. J. Ostle, H. Kang, D. J. Dowrick, B. Reynolds, M. A. Lock, D. Sleep, S. Hughes and J. Hudson
doi:10.1038/nature02707
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (193K)
Unexpectedly recent dates for human remains from Vogelherd p198
Nicholas J. Conard, Pieter M. Grootes and Fred H. Smith
doi:10.1038/nature02690
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (264K)
Origin of extant domesticated sunflowers in eastern North America p201
Abigail V. Harter, Keith A. Gardner, Daniel Falush, David L. Lentz, Robert A. Bye and Loren H. Rieseberg
doi:10.1038/nature02710
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (325K) | Supplementary information
Evolutionary change from induced to constitutive expression of an indirect plant resistance p205
Martin Heil, Sabine Greiner, Harald Meimberg, Ralf Krüger, Jean-Louis Noyer, Günther Heubl, K. Eduard Linsenmair and Wilhelm Boland
doi:10.1038/nature02703
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (359K) | Supplementary information
Genesis of a highly pathogenic and potentially pandemic H5N1 influenza virus in eastern Asia p209
K. S. Li, Y. Guan, J. Wang, G. J. D. Smith, K. M. Xu, L. Duan, A. P. Rahardjo, P. Puthavathana, C. Buranathai, T. D. Nguyen, A. T. S. Estoepangestie, A. Chaisingh, P. Auewarakul, H. T. Long, N. T. H. Hanh, R. J. Webby, L. L. M. Poon, H. Chen, K. F. Shortridge, K. Y. Yuen, R. G. Webster and J. S. M. Peiris
doi:10.1038/nature02746
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (680K) | Supplementary information
Differential activation of the inflammasome by caspase-1 adaptors ASC and Ipaf p213
Sanjeev Mariathasan, Kim Newton, Denise M. Monack, Domagoj Vucic, Dorothy M. French, Wyne P. Lee, Meron Roose-Girma, Sharon Erickson and Vishva M. Dixit
doi:10.1038/nature02664
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (497K) | Supplementary information
Regulation of Toll/IL-1-receptor-mediated gene expression by the inducible nuclear protein I
B
p218
Masahiro Yamamoto, Soh Yamazaki, Satoshi Uematsu, Shintaro Sato, Hiroaki Hemmi, Katsuaki Hoshino, Tsuneyasu Kaisho, Hirotaka Kuwata, Osamu Takeuchi, Koichiro Takeshige, Tatsuya Saitoh, Shoji Yamaoka, Naoki Yamamoto, Shunsuke Yamamoto, Tatsushi Muta, Kiyoshi Takeda and Shizuo Akira
doi:10.1038/nature02738
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (449K) | Supplementary information
Recognition of RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain by 3'-RNA-processing factors p223
Anton Meinhart and Patrick Cramer
doi:10.1038/nature02679
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (352K) | Supplementary information
Cyclin-dependent kinases regulate the antiproliferative function of Smads p226
Isao Matsuura, Natalia G. Denissova, Guannan Wang, Dongming He, Jianyin Long and Fang Liu
doi:10.1038/nature02650
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (506K) | Supplementary information
A membrane-access mechanism of ion channel inhibition by voltage sensor toxins from spider venom p232
Seok-Yong Lee and Roderick MacKinnon
doi:10.1038/nature02632
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (246K)
See also: News and Views by Garcia
Bilayer-dependent inhibition of mechanosensitive channels by neuroactive peptide enantiomers p235
Thomas M. Suchyna, Sonya E. Tape, Roger E. Koeppe, II, Olaf S. Andersen, Frederick Sachs and Philip A. Gottlieb
doi:10.1038/nature02743
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (831K)
See also: Letter by Suchyna et al.
insight
Infection and immunity p241
Ursula Weiss
doi:10.1038/430241a
The challenge of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases p242
David M. Morens, Gregory K. Folkers and Anthony S. Fauci
doi:10.1038/nature02759
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (2,268K)
Frontal and stealth attack strategies in microbial pathogenesis p250
D. Scott Merrell and Stanley Falkow
doi:10.1038/nature02760
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (581K)
Inferences, questions and possibilities in Toll-like receptor signalling p257
Bruce Beutler
doi:10.1038/nature02761
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (301K)
Translating cell biology in vitro to immunity in vivo p264
Marianne Boes and Hidde L. Ploegh
doi:10.1038/nature02762
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,008K)
Naturejobs
ProspectsBrought to book p273
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj6996-273a
Regions
Coming back to life Montreal p274
Hannah Hoag
doi:10.1038/nj6996-274a
Career View
Graduate Journal: Learning to supervise p276
Philipp Angerer
doi:10.1038/nj6996-276a
Recruiters & Industry p276
Anne Gimalac
doi:10.1038/nj6996-276b
Movers p276
doi:10.1038/nj6996-276c