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Nature 430, 242-249 (8 July 2004) | doi:10.1038/nature02759; Published online 8 July 2004

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review article The challenge of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases

David M. Morens1, Gregory K. Folkers1 & Anthony S. Fauci1

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Infectious diseases have for centuries ranked with wars and famine as major challenges to human progress and survival. They remain among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Against a constant background of established infections, epidemics of new and old infectious diseases periodically emerge, greatly magnifying the global burden of infections. Studies of these emerging infections reveal the evolutionary properties of pathogenic microorganisms and the dynamic relationships between microorganisms, their hosts and the environment.

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