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Nature 423, 599-602 (5 June 2003) |

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The double puzzle of diabetes

Jared Diamond

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Why is the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus now exploding in most populations, but not in Europeans? The genetic and evolutionary consequences of geographical differences in food history may provide the answer.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus exacts a huge toll in money and human suffering. For instance, it accounts for more than 100 billion dollars of healthcare costs annually in the United States, or 15% of costs due to all diseases combined.