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Brief Communications

Nature 408, 425-426 (23 November 2000) | doi:10.1038/35044191

Older bull elephants control young males

Rob Slotow1, Gus van Dyk2, Joyce Poole3, Bruce Page1 & Andre Klocke1,4

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Orphaned male adolescents go on killing sprees if mature males aren't around.

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Musth is a state of heightened sexual and aggressive activity in male elephants1, 2. Between 1992 and 1997, young orphaned musth male African elephants (Loxodonta africana) that had been introduced to Pilanesberg, South Africa, killed more than 40 white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). The killing ceased after six older male elephants were introduced from the relatively normal Kruger Park population. The deviant behaviour of the young Pilanesberg males was rectified by the consequent reduction in musth.