Nature 316, 591 - 596 (15 August 1985); doi:10.1038/316591a0

A 150,000-year climatic record from Antarctic ice

C. Lorius^*, J. Jouzel^†, C. Ritz^*, L. Merlivat^†, N. I. Barkov^‡, Y. S. Korotkevich^† & V. M. Kotlyakov^§

^*Laboratoire de Glaciologie et de Géophysique de l'Environnement, CNRS, BP96, 38402 Saint Martin d'Héres Cedex, France
^†Laboratoire de Géochimie Isotopique DPC, CEN Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
^‡The Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Fontanka 34, Leningrad 191104, USSR
^§Institute of Geography, Academy of Sciences of USSR, Staronometry, St 29, Moscow 109017, USSR

During much of the Quaternary, the Earth's climate has undergone drastic changes most notably successive glacial and interglacial episodes. The past 150 kyr includes such a climatic cycle: the last interglacial, the last glacial and the present holocene interglacial. A new climatic−time series for this period has been obtained using ¹⁸ O data from an Antarctic ice core.

References

1.	Shackleton, N. J. Nature 215, 15−17 (1967). | ISI | ChemPort |
2.	Shackleton, J. J. & Opdyke, N. D. Quat. Res. 3, 39−55 (1973). | ChemPort |
3.	Duplessy, J. C. Climatic Change (ed. Gribbin, J.) 46−67 (Cambridge University Press, 1978).
4.	Dansgaard, W., Johnsen, S. J., Moeller, J. & Langway, C. C. Science 166, 377−381 (1969). | ISI | ChemPort |
5.	Epstein, S., Sharp, R. P. & Gow, A. J. Science 168, 1570−1572 (1970). | ISI |
6.	Barkov, N. I., Korotkevitch, E. S., Gordienko, F. G. & Kotlyakov, V. M. IAHS Publ. 118, 312−321 (1977).
7.	Lorius, C., Merlivat, L., Jouzel, J. & Pourchet, M. Nature 280, 644−648 (1979). | ISI | ChemPort |
8.	Dansgaard, W. et al. Science 218, 1273−1277 (1982). | ISI |
9.	Dansgaard, W. et al. Geophys. Monogr. (M. Ewing Symp., 5) 29, 288−298 (1984).
10.	Lorius, C., Raynaud, D., Petit, J. R., Jouzel, J. & Merlivat, L. Annls Glaciol. 5, 88−94 (1984).
11.	Paterson, N. S. B. Nature 266, 508−511 (1977). | ISI |
12.	Young, N. W., Pourchet, M., Kotlyakov, V. M., Korolev, P. A. & Dyugerov, M. B. Annls Glaciol. 3, 333−338 (1982).
13.	Lorius, C. et al. IAHS Publ. 86, 3−15 (1970).
14.	Barkov, N. I., Antarct. J. U.S. 10, 55−56 (1975).
15.	Barkov, N. I., Gordienko, F. G., Korotkevich, E. S. & Kotlyakov, V. N. Dokl. Acad. Sci. USSR 214, 1383−1386 (1974). | ChemPort |
16.	Barkov, N. I., Gordienko, F. G., Korotkevich, E. S. & Kotlyakov, V. M. Inform. Bull. Soviet Antarct. Expedn 90, 39−48 (1975).
17.	Gordienko, F. G., Kotlyakov, V. M., Barkov, N. I., Korotkevich, T. E. & Nikolaev, S. D. Data Glacio Stud. Acad. Sci. USSR 46, 168−171 (1983).
18.	Grosvald, M. G. Data Glaciol. Stud. Acad. Sci. USSR 46, 171−174 (1983).
19.	Shumskii, P. A., Korotkevich, E. S. & Larina, T. B. Inform. Bull. Soviet Antarct. Expedn. 100, 41−48 (1980).
20.	Jouzel, J., Merlivat, L. & Lorius, C. Nature 289, 688−691 (1982).
21.	Stauffer, B., Hofer, H., Oeschger, H., Schwander, J. & Siegenthaler, U. Annls Glaciol. 5, 160−164 (1984). | ChemPort |
22.	Dansgaard, W., Barkov, N. I. & Splettstoesser, J. IAHS Publ. 118, 204−209 (1977). | ChemPort |
23.	Wilson, A. T. & Hendy, C. H. J. Glaciol. 27, 95, 3−9 (1981). | ISI | ChemPort |
24.	Budd, W. F. & Young, N. W. The Climatic Record in Polar Ice Sheets (ed. de Q. Robin, G. 150−176 (Cambridge University Press, 1983).
25.	Robin, G. de Q. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B280, 143−148 (1977). | ISI |
26.	Jouzel, J. & Merlivat, L. J. geophys. Res. 89, 11749−11758 (1984). | ChemPort |
27.	Raisbeck, G. M. et al. Nature 292, 825−826 (1981). | ISI | ChemPort |
28.	Yiou, F., Raisbeck, G. M., Bourles, D., Lorius, C. & Barkov, N. I. Nature (this issue).
29.	Drewry, D. J. Pol. Rec. 17, 359−374 (1975).
30.	Drewry, D. J. Scott Polar Research Institute Rep .(ed. Drewry, D. J.) (Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge, (1983).
31.	Lliboutry, L. Z. Gletscherk. Glaziolgeol. 15, 135−148 (1979).
33.	Bowler, J. M., Earth. Sci. Rev. 12, 279−310 (1976). | Article | ISI |
34.	Robin, G. de Q. The Climatic Record in Polar Ice Sheets, (ed. de Q. Robin G.) 180−189 (Cambridge University Press, 1983).
35.	Jouzel, J., Merlivat, L., Petit, J. R. & Lorius, C. J. geophys. Res. 88, 2693−2703 (1983). | ISI |
36.	Joussaume, S., Jouzel, J. & Sadourny, R. Nature 311, 24−29 (1984). | Article | ISI | ChemPort |
37.	Lorius, C. & Merlivat, L. IAHS Publ. 118, 127−137 (1977). | ChemPort |
38.	Alley, R. B. & Whillans, I. M. J. geophys. Res. 89, 6487−6493.
39.	Drewry, D. J. Nature 287, 214−216 (1980). | ISI |
40.	Gates, W. L. Science 191, 1138−1144 (1976). | ISI |
41.	Manabe, S. & Hahn, D. G. J. geophys. Res. 82, 3889−3911 (1977). | ISI |
42.	Manabe, S. & Broccoli, A. J. Annls Glaciol. 5, 100−105 (1984).
43.	Hansen, J. et al. Geophys. Monogr. 29, 130−163 (1984).
44.	Raynaud, D. & Lorius, C. IAHS Publ. 118, 326−335 (1977). | ChemPort |
45.	CLIMAP Project Members Quat. Res. 21, 123−224 (1984). | ISI |
46.	Mix, A. C. & Ruddiman, W. F. Quat. Res. 21, 1−20 (1984). | ISI | ChemPort |
47.	Imbrie, J. et al. Milankovitch and Climate Vol. 1, (eds Berger A. L. et al.) 269−305 (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1984).
48.	Emiliani, C. J. Geol. 63, 538−578 (1965).
49.	Shackleton, N. J. Proc. R. Soc. B174, 135−154 (1969). | ISI |
50.	Bender, M., Labeyrie, L., Raynaud, D. & Lorius, C. EOS, 64, 973 (1984).
51.	Hollin, J. T. Nature, 283, 629−633. | ChemPort |
52.	Broecker, W. S. & Van Donk, J. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 8, 169−198 (1970). | ISI | ChemPort |
53.	Hays, J. D., Imbrie, J. & Shackleton, N. J. Science 194, 1121−1132 (1976). | ISI |
54.	Ruddiman, W. F. & McIntyre, A. Science 212, 617−627 (1981). | ISI | ChemPort |
55.	Imbrie, J. & Imbrie, Z. Science 207, 943−953 (1980). | ISI |
56.	Budd, W. F. & Smith, I. N. IAHS Publ. 131, 369−409 (1981).
57.	Pollard, D. Nature 296, 334−338 (1981). | ISI |
58.	Le Treut, H. & Ghil, M. J. geophys. Res. 88, 5167−5190 (1983). | ISI |
59.	Berger, A., Contr. 37 (Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgique, 1978).
60.	Broecker, W. S. Milankovitch and Climate Vol. 2 (eds Berger, A. L. et al.) 687−698 (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1984).
61.	Budd, W. F. IAHS Publ. 131, 441−471 (1981).
62.	Delmas, R. J., Ascensio, J. M. & Legrand, M. Nature 284, 155−157 (1980). | ISI | ChemPort |
63.	Neftel, A., Oeschger, H., Schwander, R. J., Stauffer, B. & Zumbrunn, R. Nature 295, 220−223 (1982). | ISI | ChemPort |
64.	Stauffer, B., Hofer, H., Oeschger, H., Schwander, J. & Siegenthaler, U. Annls Glaciol. 5, 160−164 (1984). | ChemPort |
65.	Raynaud, D. & Barnola, J. M. Annls Glaciol. 5, 224 (1984).
66.	Shackleton, N. J., Hall, M. A., Line, J. & Cang Shuxi Nature 306, 319−323 (1983). | ISI | ChemPort |
67.	Broecker, W. S. Progr. Oceanogr. 11, 151−197 (1982). | Article | ISI |
68.	Shackleton, N. J. & Pisias, N. G. Chapman Conf. on CO2 (American Geophysical Union, in the press).
69.	Manabe, S. & Wetherald, R. T. J. atmos. Sci. 37, 99−118 (1980). | Article | ISI |
70.	Washington, W. M. & Meehl, A. G. J. geophys. Res. 89, 9475−9503 (1984). | ISI | ChemPort |
71.	Pisias, N. G. & Shackleton, N. J. Nature 30, 757−759 (1984).
72.	Sarmiento, J. L. & Toggweiller, J. R. Nature 308, 621−624 (1984). | Article | ISI | ChemPort |
73.	Siegenthaler, U. & Wenk, T. Nature 308, 624−626 (1984). | Article | ISI | ChemPort |
74.	Knox, F. & McElroy, M. B. J geophys. Res. 89, 4629−2637 (1984). | ISI | ChemPort |
75.	Broecker, W. S. & Takahashi, T. Geophys. Monogr. (M. Ewing Symp., 5) 29, 314−326 (1984).
76.	Birchfield, G. E., Weertman, J. & Lunde, A. T. Quat. Res., 15, 126−142 (1981). | ISI |
77.	Oerlemans, J. Nature 297, 550−553 (1982). | ISI |
78.	Broecker, W. S., Peteet, D. & Rind, D. Nature 315, 21−26 (1985). | Article | ISI | ChemPort |
79.	Zeller, J. E. & Parker, B. C. Geophys. Res. Lett. 8, 895−898 (1981). | ISI |
80.	Legrand, M. & Delmas, R. J. Atmos Envir. 18, 1867−1874 (1984). | Article | ISI | ChemPort |
81.	Palais, J. & Legrand, M. J. geophys. Res. 90, 1143−1154 (1985). | ISI | ChemPort |
82.	Neftel, A., Jacob, P. & Klockow, D. Nature 311, 43−45 (1984). | Article | ISI | ChemPort |
83.	Wolff, E. W. & Peel, D. A. Nature 313, 535−540 (1985). | Article | ISI | ChemPort |
84.	Rasmunssen, R. A. & Khalil, M. A. J. geophys. Res. 89, 11599−11605 (1984). | ChemPort |
85.	Friedl, I. H., Moor, E., Oeschger, H., Siegenthaler, U. & Stauffer, B. Geophys. Res. Lett. 11, 1145−1148 (1984). | ISI | ChemPort |