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Inhibitor of mitochondrial transcription treatment leads to reduced oxidative phosphorylation capacity but increases fatty acid oxidation in the liver, leading to protection from obesity and related pathology.
Hauck et al. show that during fasting, nuclear receptor corepressors 1 and 2 act together to activate the transcription of target genes, which is critical for the physiological response to fasting in mice.
Kim et al. discover a subset of neurons that innervate the Drosophila intestine and act as postprandial taste-independent sensors for sodium, directing a behavioural preference for sodium following salt deprivation.
A new methodology uses intravital time-gated mid-infrared optoacoustic signals for accurate non-invasive measurements of glucose concentrations in blood-rich volumes of the skin.
Metformin is shown to trigger production and release of Lac-Phe from gut epithelial cells, which is required for its effects on food intake and loss of body weight.
In male mice with diet-induced obesity, deletion of insulin inhibitory receptor (inceptor) in the whole body, in the brain and in pancreatic β cells improves glucose homeostasis, underlining a role of inceptor in regulating glucose homeostasis in the brain and pancreas.
The authors report a genetic screening method that preserves mitochondrial physiology under cell permeabilization, which allows in-depth genetic dissection of mitochondrial bioenergetics.
Gates et al. show that histone butyrylation and propionylation in the intestinal epithelium are regulated by the gut microbiota and histone butyrylation is associated with gene regulatory programmes.
Kwak et al. identify a mixture of monogenic, rare and common genetic variants of youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D), highlighting the heterogeneity of youth-onset T2D and positioning it on a genetic spectrum between monogenic diabetes and adult-onset T2D.
Electron-transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETFDH) is shown to associate with mitochondrial complex III (CIII) physically and functionally, thereby promoting electron channelling to increase CIII efficiency.
Systematic evaluation of glucose control, body mass index, blood pressure, insulin secretion and insulin resistance is leveraged to identify patients who are likely to receive the greatest metabolic benefit from common antidiabetic drugs.
Li, Barros et al. decipher how distinct mechanisms of protein sensing in the upper small intestine and ileum regulate food intake, glucose homeostasis and gut hormone release in male rats.