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A luminous optical flash from GRB 210619B was captured rapidly by robotic telescopes and attributed to an extremely fast, narrow and magnetized jet shocked by propagating into the surrounding medium.
JWST mid-infrared images of the nearby star Fomalhaut reveal a complex system of dusty rings and disks, created as debris from planetesimal collisions. These structures suggest the presence of a complex and probably dynamically active planetary system.
An observed magnetic flux rope builds and erupts by completely restructuring its magnetic field lines, resulting in marked footpoint migration. This configuration is not predicted by standard flux rope evolution models, highlighting the three-dimensional nature of magnetic reconnection behind these phenomena.
The eROSITA bubbles and their surrounding regions are best described by the same two-temperature model, implying that the shells are bright because they are denser, not hotter. Also reported are non-solar Mg/O and Ne/O ratios, which support the stellar-feedback origin of the bubbles.
Superluminous supernova SN 2017egm has a complex light curve that is well modelled by successive collisions of a shockwave with dense circumstellar shells ejected by its massive progenitor star during the pair-instability pulsation stage. Such a scenario might be responsible for providing a power source for superluminous supernovae in general.
JWST detections of low-mass young stellar objects with infrared excesses in the Small Magellanic Cloud provide indications that the circumstellar material used in planet formation is available in low-metallicity environments.
Modelling of the gravitationally lensed system HS 0810+2554 with wavelike dark matter resolves brightness and position anomalies remaining after the standard massive-particle dark matter treatment.
A method for measuring oxygen abundances using optical and far-infrared emission lines provides absolute metallicities of the interstellar gas in Markarian 71 and could be applied across cosmic history.
ALMA observations of the protoplanetary disk around HD 100546 reveal an unexpected C/O variation with azimuth. The carbon-dominated wedge of the disk can be reproduced via a model with a shadowing mechanism.
Signatures of impact-induced shocks are found on Ryugu returned particles. Observations show that they happened at moderate temperatures (~500 °C) and pressures (~2 GPa) and did not dehydrate the particles substantially, suggesting that bigger meteoroids, rather than micrometeoroids, provide Earth with hydrated minerals.
Early James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) results suggest a high level of star formation in the first 500 million years of the Universe. A study of the available mass from dark matter haloes shows that unexpectedly high-mass JWST galaxy candidates may challenge the prevailing cosmological model.
Kosec et al. analyse X-ray spectroscopic observations of outflowing hot material from an accreting neutron star. An innovative technique reveals the vertical distribution of the outflow structure, which is challenging to measure otherwise.
Rare early optical observations that captured the prompt-to-afterglow emission of GRB 201223A demonstrate that it behaved according to the fireball model of gamma-ray bursts.
X-ray polarization measurements of the Crab nebula and pulsar by the IXPE satellite reveal a global toroidal magnetic field with large variations in local polarization, suggesting a more complex turbulence distribution than anticipated.
A laboratory experiment replicates the braided strand nature of solar coronal loops, revealing a potential mechanism for generating energetic particles and X-ray bursts from the Sun.
As part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES), NIRSpec has spectroscopically confirmed four young and metal-poor galaxies at redshift 10.3–13.2, from an early epoch of galaxy formation.
The JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey using NIRCam to find the earliest galaxies reveals the size and star formation rates of four extreme redshift (z > 10) galaxies of the distant Universe.
The red dwarf star YZ Ceti produced two observed bursts of radio waves that may have been caused by the star interacting magnetically with a nearby Earth-like planet, as the radio bursts occur at similar points in the planet’s two-day orbit.
A diffusion model of Jupiter’s troposphere with updated thermochemistry can explain the upper tropospheric CO observations if the deep oxygen abundance is subsolar. Alternatively, to reproduce Juno’s supersolar deep oxygen abundances, a deep layer of reduced vertical mixing is necessary.
Magnetars are potential sources of fast radio bursts, but are the magnetars that may be created following a binary neutron star merger fast radio burst source? This study of the coincidence between FRB 20190425A and a gravitational wave event finds a weak association.