Original Article
International Journal of Obesity (2007) 31, 858–863. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803506; published online 28 November 2006
Using intranasal lidocaine to reduce food intake
F L Greenway1, C K Martin1, A K Gupta1, S Cruickshank2, J Whitehouse3, L DeYoung4, K Kamdar5, M K Caruso1, A T Roberts1, M England6, K Dumas7, B J Floy Laidlaw8, B Rogers9 and M A Cowley10
- 1Outpatient Clinic Unit, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
- 2Scott Cruickshank and Associates Inc., Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- 3JumpStart Biodevelopment, San Francisco, CA, USA
- 4IND Enabling Consulting, Montara, CA, USA
- 5Domain Associates, Laguna Niguel, CA, USA
- 6Margaret England, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- 7ReGo Consulting Services, Cupertino, CA, USA
- 8Barbara J Floy Laidlaw, San Jose, CA, USA
- 9Pacific Biodevelopment, Burlingame, CA, USA
- 10Oregon National Primate Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
Correspondence: Dr FL Greenway, Outpatient Clinic Unit, Pennington Biomedical Research Center 6400 Perkins Road Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA. E-mail: greenwfl@pbrc.edu
Received 7 April 2006; Revised 23 June 2006; Accepted 13 July 2006; Published online 28 November 2006.
Abstract
Objective:
Develop a dose–response curve for the effect of intranasal lidocaine on food intake.
Design:
Healthy obese subjects had food intake, ratings of hunger, desire to eat, craving and fullness measured at lunch after an overnight fast. Four treatments were given as nose drops (0.5–0.6 ml per nostril) 5 min before the meal in a double-blind manner with a four period crossover design including a 7-day washout between periods. The treatments were saline, 2.5, 10 and 25 mg lidocaine per nostril. The order of administration was randomly assigned to each subject. Electrocardiograms, vital signs, chemistry panels, complete blood counts (CBC) and nasal inspections were carried out before and after each dose.
Subjects:
Forty-seven subjects were screened, 34 were randomized and 20 subjects completed all four study periods in the trial. The subjects were 39
12.5 (s.d) years of age, had a weight of 9113.0 kg, a height of 16710.3 cm, 56% were women, 47% were African-American and 53% were Caucasian.
Measurements:
Food intake, rating of hunger, desire to eat, craving and fullness are measures of efficacy. Adverse events, electrocardiograms, vital signs, chemistry panels, nasal inspections, CBC and physical exams are measures of safety.
Results:
The mean reduction in food intake vs saline control in the 20 subjects completing all four study periods was 3.37% (s.d), 4.28.5% and 7.47.3% in the 2.5 mg, 10 and 25 mg per nostril groups, respectively (P=NS). Hunger and desire to eat in subjects who completed at least one study period decreased dose dependently (P<0.03, at the 25 mg per nostril dose). There were no clinically significant changes in safety measures, electrocardiograms, vital signs, chemistry panels, CBC or nasal inspections.
Conclusion:
Intranasal lidocaine reduced hunger and the desire to eat, but this did not translate into a significant reduction in food intake suggesting that intranasal lidocaine will not have value in treating obesity.
Keywords:
food intake, hunger, lidocaine, nose, smell
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