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Putative contributors to the secular increase in obesity: exploring the roads less traveled

Abstract

Objective:

To investigate plausible contributors to the obesity epidemic beyond the two most commonly suggested factors, reduced physical activity and food marketing practices.

Design:

A narrative review of data and published materials that provide evidence of the role of additional putative factors in contributing to the increasing prevalence of obesity.

Data:

Information was drawn from ecological and epidemiological studies of humans, animal studies and studies addressing physiological mechanisms, when available.

Results:

For at least 10 putative additional explanations for the increased prevalence of obesity over the recent decades, we found supportive (although not conclusive) evidence that in many cases is as compelling as the evidence for more commonly discussed putative explanations.

Conclusion:

Undue attention has been devoted to reduced physical activity and food marketing practices as postulated causes for increases in the prevalence of obesity, leading to neglect of other plausible mechanisms and well-intentioned, but potentially ill-founded proposals for reducing obesity rates.

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Acknowledgements

Each author contributed in writing one or more sections of the manuscript and each author edited the entire manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge Richard Forshee, PhD of the Center for Food, Nutrition and Agriculture Policy at the University of Maryland, College Park for his suggestions. This research was supported in part by NIH Grant P30DK056336. This funding source had no involvement in the writing of or the decision to submit this paper.

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Keith, S., Redden, D., Katzmarzyk, P. et al. Putative contributors to the secular increase in obesity: exploring the roads less traveled. Int J Obes 30, 1585–1594 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803326

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