Paper
International Journal of Obesity (2005) 29, 615–623. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802926 Published online 1 March 2005
Epigallocatechin gallate attenuates diet-induced obesity in mice by decreasing energy absorption and increasing fat oxidation
S Klaus1, S Pültz1, C Thöne-Reineke1,2 and S Wolfram3
- 1Group of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition in Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
- 2Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
- 3DSM Nutritional Products, Human Nutrition and Health, Basel, Switzerland
Correspondence: Professor Dr S Klaus, German Institute of Human Nutrition in Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, D-14558 Nuthetal, Germany. E-mail: klaus@mail.dife.de
Received 4 August 2004; Revised 7 January 2005; Accepted 16 January 2005; Published online 1 March 2005.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To examine the antiobesity effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a green tea bioactive polyphenol in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity.
METHODS:
Obesity was induced in male New Zealand black mice by feeding of a high-fat diet. EGCG purified from green tea (TEAVIGO™) was supplemented in the diet (0.5 and 1%). Body composition (quantitative magnetic resonance), food intake, and food digestibility were recorded over a 4-week period. Animals were killed and mRNA levels of uncoupling proteins (UCP1–3), leptin, malic enzyme (ME), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), glucokinase (GK), and pyruvate kinase (PK) were analysed in different tissues. Also investigated were acute effects of orally administered EGCG (500 mg/kg) on body temperature, activity (transponders), and energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry).
RESULTS:
Dietary supplementation of EGCG resulted in a dose-dependent attenuation of body fat accumulation. Food intake was not affected but faeces energy content was slightly increased by EGCG, indicating a reduced food digestibility and thus reduced long-term energy absorption. Leptin and SCD1 gene expression in white fat was reduced but SCD1 and UCP1 expression in brown fat was not changed. In liver, gene expression of SCD1, ME, and GK was reduced and that of UCP2 increased. Acute oral administration of EGCG over 3 days had no effect on body temperature, activity, and energy expenditure, whereas respiratory quotient during night (activity phase) was decreased, supportive of a decreased lipogenesis and increased fat oxidation.
CONCLUSIONS:
Dietary EGCG attenuated diet-induced body fat accretion in mice. EGCG apparently promoted fat oxidation, but its fat-reducing effect could be entirely explained by its effect in reducing diet digestibility.
Keywords:
green tea flavonoids, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), uncoupling protein, substrate oxidation, lipid metabolism
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