Due to their extensive gene flow, long lifespans and flexible mating systems, many forest trees are resilient to most of the population genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation, but may still exhibit increased inbreeding and correlated paternity. Here we present five studies that advance our understanding of forest fragmentation genetics and make it clear that: (a) in impacted landscapes, it is the diversity and fitness of progeny that matters; (b) mating system, breeding system and landscape context determine sensitivity to fragmentation. A focus on these research areas will help deliver better management outcomes for trees in impacted landscapes.
