Table 1 - Adult derivatives of embryologic components of the pharyngeal arches
From the following article
Anatomy and development of oral cavity and pharynx
Rebecca Z. German and Jeffrey B. Palmer
GI Motility online (2006)
doi:10.1038/gimo5
| Arch number | Adult skeletal elements | Muscles | Blood vessels | Cranial nerves |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Note: Arch 5 disappears in humans. | ||||
| 1 | Incus (maxillary portion) malleus (mandibular portion) | Muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, ant.; digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini | Terminal branch of maxillary | V1 (maxillary portion) V2 (mandibular portion) |
| 2 | Stapes, styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, lesser horn and upper rim of hyoid | Muscles of facial expression | Stapedial/corticotympanic | VII (facial) |
| 3 | Greater horn and lower rim of hyoid | Stylopharyngeus | Common carotid, root of internal carotid | IX (glossopharyngeal) |
| 4 | Laryngeal cartilages | Constrictors of the pharynx, cricothyroid, levator veli palatini | Arch of aorta, right subclavian | Superior laryngeal (branch of X) |
| 6 | Laryngeal cartilages | Intrinsic muscles of larynx | Ductus arteriosis (embryonic), pulmonary | Recurrent laryngeal (branch of X) |
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