HIV-1 is initially controlled by host effector CTLs but finally evades immune surveillance through CTL escape virus mutants, resulting in progression to AIDS (pages 205–211).
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$209.00 per year
only $17.42 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Borrow, P. et al. Antiviral pressure exerted by human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) during primary infection demonstrated by rapid selection of CTL escape virus. Nature Med. 3, 205–211 (1997).
Goulder, P.J.R. et al. Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS. Nature Med. 3, 212–217 (1997).
Zinkernagel, R.M. & Doherty, P.C. Restriction of in vitro T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in lymphocytic choriomeningitis within a syngeneic or semiallogeneic system. Nature 248, 701–702 (1974).
Zagury, J.F. et al. Model of AIDS immunopatho-genesis based on the HIV-1 gp120 and Tat-in-duced dysregulation of uninfected immune cells. Cell. Pharm. AIDS Sci. 3, 123–128 (1996).
Li, C.J. et al. Induction of apoptosis in uninfected lymphocytes by HIV-1 Tat protein. Science 268, 429–431 (1995).
Nixon, D.F. & McMichael, A.J. Cytotoxic T-cell recognition of HIV proteins and peptides. AIDS 5, 1049–1059 (1991).
Schupbach, J. et al. Serological analysis of a subgroup of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV-III) associated with AIDS. Science 224, 503–505 (1984).
Zagury, D. et al. A group specific anamnestic immune reaction against HIV-1-induced by a candidate vaccine against AIDS. Nature 332, 728–731 (1984).
Picard, O. et al. A two year follow up of anti-HIV-1 immune reaction in HIV-1 gp160 immunized healthy seronegative humans: Evidence for persistent cell-mediated immunity. J. AIDS. 5, 539–546 (1992).
Hammond, S.A. et al. Comparative clonal analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HlV-l)-specific CD4* and CD8* cytolytic T lymphocytes isolated from seronegative humans immunized by candidate HIV-1 vaccines. J. Exp. Med 176, 1531–1537 (1992).
Achour, A. et al. HGP-30, a synthetic analogue of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p17, is a target for cytotoxic lymphocytes in HIV-infected individuals. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 7045–7049 (1990).
Achour, A. et al. Induction of anti-gp160 cytotoxic T cells cross-reacting with various V3 loop P18 peptides in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope-immunized individuals. J. Virol. 70, 6741–6750 (1996).
Zagury, D. et al. Long-term cultures of HTLV-III-infected T cells: A model of cytopathology of T-cell depletion in AIDS. Science 231, 850–853 (1986).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zagury, D. A naturally unbalanced combat. Nat Med 3, 156–157 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0297-156
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0297-156
This article is cited by
-
Using death to one's advantage: HIV modulation of apoptosis
Leukemia (2001)