Short double-stranded RNA duplexes are the triggers for post-transcriptional gene silencing and can also induce epigenetic silencing of genes at the level of transcription. A surprising new finding is that short RNA duplexes targeted to promoter regions can also mediate potent enhancement of transcription.
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Rossi, J. Transcriptional activation by small RNA duplexes. Nat Chem Biol 3, 136–137 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio0307-136
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio0307-136
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