Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immunotherapies against immune checkpoint inhibitors have rapidly changed treatment paradigms for several major cancers including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer and bladder cancer. In this selection of articles we highlight the expression of one of the key pathways, PD-L1, and its potential for selecting patients for therapy. Additional early markers of response to treatment would be helpful in patient management. Mechanisms inducing PD-L1 and their sites of action are described as well as the sequential use of CTLA4 blocking therapy. New targets and mechanisms of delivery of drugs in combination with conventional treatment and immunological checkpoints are highlighted. Together these give a snapshot of major new developments in the field.
