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Graziani F et al. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45: 167–187

The aim of this review was to provide an update on the available evidence on the impact of periodontitis on diabetes control, incidence and complications. Observational studies on the effect of periodontitis on diabetes, published after 2012, were identified via database searches and hand-searching journals. The key findings of the review were that healthy individuals with periodontitis exhibited a poor glycaemic control and a higher risk of developing diabetes. Individuals affected by diabetes showed a deterioration of glycaemic control if also affected by periodontitis and significantly higher prevalence of diabetes-related complications. Limited evidence was available on gestational diabetes and type 1 diabetes. The authors emphasise that due to the heterogeneity and quality of the included publications, caution should be exercised when interpreting the data and that there remains an important need for additional evidence.