Dental health researchers from the University of Dundee have been commissioned to lead a £2.87 million, UK-wide research project examining various methods of treating tooth decay in children.

Dr Gail Topping, Dr Nicola Innes and Dr Jan Clarkson from the School of Dentistry at Dundee will head up a team comprising researchers from universities in Cardiff, Glasgow, Leeds, London, Newcastle and Sheffield to carry out the study on behalf of the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment (NIHR HTA).

They will assess the benefits of three different methods of treating tooth decay in primary teeth with cavities: conventional fillings, biological treatment of the decay, and using only preventive techniques recommended in national guidance to stop further decay. They will also investigate children's thoughts on the different types of treatments.

Biological treatment of the decay refers to a process of sealing the decay into teeth with filling materials or under crowns, generally without the need to use injections or dental drills. Preventative methods focus on better toothbrushing, reducing the child's sugar intake, and the application of high fluoride varnish and fissure sealants.

Dr Topping said, 'Treatment for decay in baby teeth varies widely across the UK and there is, as yet, no conclusive evidence for the most effective approach to its management. This trial will enable a clear recommendation to be made regarding the important question of how decayed baby teeth should best be managed in primary dental care.'

The study will involve children aged three to seven who already have decay in their baby teeth but experience no toothache or abscesses. Participating dentists will be from general dental practices throughout the UK where children who attend for regular dental care will be invited to take part.

In addition to the preventive treatment for all children in the trial, participants will be randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups. The children will be asked to rate on a special scale any discomfort they felt during each treatment and asked about what they think of the different ways of treating their teeth.

All children in the trial will be seen by their dentist up to four times per year and checked for any problems which require care.