Diabetes Mellitus(DM) is the most common chronic endocrine disorder in childhood. Psychological stress associated with DM, affecting the child and his family, has been well recognized. Thus, the present accepted therapeutic tendency is to combine tradicional medical treatment (Tr)with psychological management, in order to improve their quality of life. The Objective of this study is to compare some psychological characteristics of diabetic children (DCH)that were submitted to integral Tr and compare them with a control group of non DCh for evaluating its efficacy. Patient and Methods: 46 DCh were evaluated after integral Tr from 1982 to 1994. Follow up period was 1-13 years ([horizontal bar over]x 4.7).Age 5 to 20 years([horizontal bar over]x 12,4).Integral Tr consisted of the current medical approach plus individual and group programs. The aim was to motivate and capacitate them for their metabolic self-control. This group was followed up by a cross-disciplinary staff, at the hospital, the outpatient clinic and educational camps. The control group was made of 46 non DCh paired according to age, sex, social cultural and educational level and rurality. The psychological characteristics were evaluated according to:psychological conflicts:TAT and CAT;Coopersmith selfesteem test;behavioral problems:Achenbach behavioral checklist and social maturity scale of Vineland and selfcontrol questionary of M.Rosenbaum.The relationship between variables were analized by means of the multiple correspondance test, included in the statistical pack SPAD N(CISIA 1994). The results obtained show that only two variables tend to associate in the study group:age and psychological conflicts related to feeding anxiety and fear of the chronic complications of DM.This association decreases with age and disappears in adolescence.No association was found between other variables nor any other significant differences with the control group. Comment: these results tend to confirm the efficacy of a cross-disciplinary educational program in DCh in Chile.