Abstract
Reversing-pulse electric birefringence (RPEB) of poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate), [Glu(OBzl)]n, with a weight-average molecular weight of 1.71×105 was measured at 20°C and at 535 nm in four helix-forming solvents: 2-chloroethanol, cyclohexanone, pyridine, in which [Glu(OBzl)]n is dissolved molecularly, and chloroform in which it is aggregated. A standard analytical procedure is given for the RPEB signal which represents the field-on and field-off processes. The steady-state birefringence of [Glu(OBzl)]n was measured over a wide field strength range up to ca. 20 kV cm−1. The Kerr law was obeyed at low fields, while a saturating trend was observed at higher fields. Specific and intrinsic Kerr constants were obtained. The weight-average molecular length lw, the degree of polydispersity lw/ln, and the electric parameter (βw)2/2γw were evaluated from the reverse-transient signal which exhibits a deep minimum. The values of lw and lw/ln in the field-off process were also evaluated from the birefringence-average relaxation time and initial slope, both of which were obtained from the decay signal. The axial translation per residue of the [Glu(OBzl)]n helix was found to range between 1.27 and 1.30 Å at dilute concentrations regardless of solvent.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
S. Yamamoto and K. Yamaoka, Polym. Prepr. Jpn., 32, 2385 (1983).
P. Doty, J. H. Bradbury, and A. M. Holtzer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 78, 947 (1956).
V. Luzzati, M. Cesari, G. Spach, F. Masson, and J. M. Vincent, “Polyamino Acids, Polypeptides, and Proteins,” M. A. Stahmann, Ed., Univ. Wisconsin Press, Wisconsin, OH, 1962, pp 121–130.
G. Spach, L. Freund, M. Daune, and H. Benoit, J. Mol. Biol., 7, 468 (1963).
H. Fujita, A. Teramoto, K. Okita, T. Yamashita, and S. Ikeda, Biopolymers, 4, 769 (1966).
H. Fujita, A. Teramoto, T. Yamashita, K. Okita, and S. Ikeda, Biopolymers, 4, 781 (1966).
V. N. Tsvetkov, I. N. Shtennikova, V. S. Skazka, and E. I. Rjumtsev, J. Polym. Sci., C, 16, 3205 (1968).
J. Lilie, J. Springer, and K. Ueberreiter, Kolloid Z.-Z. Polym., 226, 138 (1968).
J. P. Kratohvil, Kolloid Z. Z. Polym., 238, 455 (1970).
K. Kubota and B. Chu, Biopolymers, 22, 1461 (1983).
R. Sakamoto and M. Watanabe, “Contemporary Topics in Polymer Science,” Vol. 4, W. J. Bailey and T. Tsuruta, Ed., Plenum Press, New York, N.Y., 1984, pp 259–268.
C. Tanford, “Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules,” Wiley, New York, N.Y., 1961, pp 333–343 and 390–412, Chapter 6.
C. T. O’Konski, K. Yoshioka, and W. H. Orttung, J. Phys. Chem., 63, 1558 (1959).
K. Yamaoka, Ph. D. Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 1964.
K. Yoshioka, “Molecular Electro-Optics,” Part 2, C. T. O’Konski, Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, N.Y., 1978, pp 601–643, Chapter 17. Numerous references are cited therein prior to 1974.
E. Fredericq and C. Houssier, “Electric Dichroism and Electric Birefringence,” Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1973.
K. Yamaoka, “Kobunshidenkaishitsu (Polyelectrolytes), Kobunshi Jikkengaku,” Vol. 13, ed., Kyoritsu Publishing Co., Tokyo, 1978, pp 239–255.
H. Watanabe, “Seitaikobunshi (Biopolymers), Kobunshi Jikkengaku,” Vol. 14, ed., Kyoritsu Publishing Co., Tokyo, 1984, pp 54–74.
H. Watanabe, K. Yoshioka, and A. Wada, Biopolymers, 2, 91 (1964).
K. Nishinari and K. Yoshioka, Kolloid Z. Z. Polym., 240, 831 (1970).
W. Pyzuk and T. Krupkowski, Makromol. Chem., 178, 817 (1977).
I. Tinoco, Jr. and K. Yamaoka, J. Phys. Chem., 65, 423 (1959).
K. Yamaoka and K. Ueda, J. Phys. Chem., 86, 406 (1982).
K. Ueda, M. Nomura, and K. Yamaoka, Biopolymers, 22, 2077 (1983).
K. Ueda, M. Mimura, and K. Yamaoka, Biopolymers, 23, 1667 (1984).
K. Ueda and K. Yamaoka, Polym. Prepr. Jpn., 33, 2911 (1984). Part of work was presented at the 34th meeting of the Society of Polymer Science, Japan, held at Sendai, Sept., 1984.
K. Ueda, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 57, 2703 (1984).
K. Yamaoka, S. Yamamoto, and K. Ueda, J. Phys. Chem., 89, 5192 (1985).
K. Yamaoka, T. Ichibakase, K. Ueda, and K. Matsuda, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 102. 5109 (1980).
E. Scoffone, E. Peggion, A. Cosani, and M. Terbojevich, Biopolymers, 3, 535 (1965).
K. Yamaoka and K. Matsuda, J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ. Ser. A, 43, 185 (1980).
K. Yamaoka and K. Ueda, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 56, 2390 (1983).
A. Peterlin and H. A. Stuart, “Hand- und Jahrbuch der Chemischen Physik,” Bd. 8, von A. Eucken and K. L. Wolf, Ed., Abt. IB, Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, 1943, pp 1–115.
W. D. Lansing and E. O. Kraemer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 57, 1369 (1935).
P. J. Flory, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 62, 1561 (1940).
S. Broersma, J. Chem. Phys., 32, 1626 (1960).
K. Yamaoka and K. Fukudome, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 56, 60 (1983).
K. Yoshioka and H. Watanabe, Nippon Kagaku Zasshi, 84, 626 (1963).
K. Yoshioka and H. Watanabe, “Physical Principles and Techniques of Protein Chemistry,” Part A, S. J. Leach, Ed., Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1969, pp 335–367, Chapter 7.
M. Matsumoto, H. Watanabe, and K. Yoshioka, Biopolymers, 11, 1711 (1972).
R. E. Dickerson and I. Geis, “The Structure and Action of Proteins,” Harper & Row, New York, N.Y., 1969, pp 24–43, Chapter 2.
A. Wada, “Advances in Biophysics,” Vol. 9, M. Kotani, Ed., Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo, 1976, pp 1–63.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yamaoka, K., Yamamoto, S. & Kosako, I. Reversing-Pulse Electric Birefringence of Poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate) IV. Electric, Optical, and Hydrodynamic Properties in Helix-Forming Solvents as Evaluated from Field-On and Field-Off Processes. Polym J 19, 951–963 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.19.951
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.19.951