Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • News & Views
  • Published:

Proteinuria

Increased angiotensin-receptor blocking is not the first option

Candesartan doses in excess of the recommended antihypertensive maxima have been reported to lead to greater reductions of proteinuria than the advised doses. High-dose angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, however, are at least as effective as high-dose angiotensin blockers and less expensive. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition is thus the first-line strategy to halt kidney disease progression.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Relevant articles

Open Access articles citing this article.

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Figure 1: Algorithm for the treatment of patients with proteinuric kidney disease.

References

  1. Burgess, E. et al. Supramaximal dose of candesartan in proteinuric renal disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. doi:10.1681/ASN.2008040416 (2009).

  2. Hollemberg, N. K. et al. Albuminuria response to very high-dose valsartan in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J. Hypertens. 25, 1921–1926 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Remuzzi, G., Benigni, A. & Remuzzi, A. Mechanisms of progression and regression of renal lesions of chronic nephropathies and diabetes. J. Clin. Invest. 116, 288–296 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Ruggenenti, P., Perna, A., Remuzzi, G. & GISEN Group Investigators. Retarding progression of chronic renal disease: the neglected issue of residual proteinuria. Kidney Int. 63, 2254–2261 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Ruggenenti, P., Perna, A., Gherardi, G., Benini, R. & Remuzzi, G. Chronic proteinuric nephropathies: outcomes and response to treatment in a prospective cohort of 352 patients with different patterns of renal injury. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 35, 1155–1165 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Hou, F. F. et al. Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses (ROAD) Study: a randomized controlled study of benazepril and losartan in chronic renal insufficiency. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 18, 1889–1898 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ruggenenti, P. et al. Diverse effects of increasing lisinopril doses on lipid abnormalities in chronic nephropathies. Circulation 107, 586–592 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Catapano, F. et al. Antiproteinuric response to dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system in primary glomerulonephritis: meta-analysis and metaregression. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 52, 475–485 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Campbell, R. et al. Effects of combined ACE inhibitor and angiotensin II antagonist treatment in human chronic nephropathies. Kidney Int. 63, 1094–1103 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ruggenenti, P. et al. Role of remission clinics in the longitudinal treatment of CKD. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 19, 1213–1224 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ruggenenti, P., Cravedi, P. & Remuzzi, G. Increased angiotensin-receptor blocking is not the first option. Nat Rev Nephrol 5, 367–368 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneph.2009.77

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneph.2009.77

This article is cited by

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing