Precisely what are the electrons in a high-temperature superconductor doing before they superconduct? Strong electronic correlations may give rise to composite rather than fractionalized excitations, as is typical in other strongly coupled systems such as quark matter.
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Phillips, P. Fractionalize this. Nature Phys 6, 931–933 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1881
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1881
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